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目的通过对受灾人群的测评,来评定自身应付模式和领悟社会支持能力与受灾人群焦虑状态的关系。方法灾难发生后10～20d内,从现场的咨询工作中进行调研,对不同年龄、受伤与否、不同性别的受灾群众的焦虑、应付方式、领悟社会支持能力进行测评,分析了焦虑与应付方式和领悟社会支持能力之间的关系,并采用2×2×2的多元方差分析,对不同受灾人群的心理状态进行了比较。结果焦虑与自身消极应付方式中幻想、合理化、退缩等相关,与领悟社会支持的家庭外支持负相关。不同的年龄状态、受伤与否和性别的群体间差异有统计学意义,同时三者有交互作用。结论提高对家庭外社会支持感受可以降低焦虑水平,负性的应对方式会增加焦虑。高年龄、受伤人群的焦虑水平高,多采用消极应付方式,男性对家庭内支持的感受性较高,女性对家庭外社会支持感受性较男性高。
Objective To assess the relationship between the mode of coping with oneself and the perceived social support capacity and the anxiety status of the affected population through the evaluation of the affected population. Methods Within 10 ~ 20 days after a disaster, we conducted an investigation from the on-site consultation to evaluate the anxiety, coping style and perceived social support ability of people affected by different ages, injuries or different sexes, and analyzed the relationship between anxiety and coping style And the relationship between perceived social support ability, and using 2 × 2 × 2 multivariate analysis of variance, the psychological status of different affected groups were compared. Results Anxiety associated with fantasy, rationalization, withdrawal and other negative coping styles was negatively correlated with out-of-home support to realize social support. There were significant differences among different age groups, wounded or not, and gender groups, all of which had interaction. Conclusion Increasing the feeling of social support outside the family can reduce the level of anxiety. Negative coping styles increase anxiety. High age, the level of anxiety of the injured people is high, the negative coping style is used more often, the sensitivity of men to family support is higher, and the social support of women outside the family is higher than that of men.