一、引言完型填空最早出现于20世纪50年代。美国语言学家Taylor于1953年首次用完型填空来检测文章中的易读性。其形式是从所选的材料中删去某些单词,然后要求受试者把删去的词还原。(Taylor,1953,30:415--433)完型测试起初称完型程序(clozeprocedure),其理论依据是“格式塔”心理学(GestaltPsychology)关于场的原理(clozeclosure)Gestalt是德语,意思 I. Introduction The first type of fill in the blank appeared in the 1950s. American linguist Taylor first used typing blank in 1953 to test article legibility. It takes the form of deleting certain words from the selected material and then asking the subjects to restore the deleted words. (Taylor, 1953, 30: 415-433) The prototype test was initially called clozeprocedure, which is based on Gestalt Psychology’s clozeclosure. Gestalt is German, meaning