The colon is derived from the embryological midgut and hindgut separately,with the right colon and left colon having different features with regards to both anatomical and physiological characteristics.Cancers located in the right and left colon are referred to as right colon cancer(RCC) and left colon cancer(LCC),respectively,based on their apparent anatomical positions.Increasing evidence supports the notion that not only are there differences in treatment strategies when dealing with RCC and LCC,but molecular features also vary between them,not to mention the distinguishing clinical manifestations.Disease-free survival after radical surgery of both RCC and LCC are similar.In the treatment of RCC,the benefit gained from adjuvant FOLFIRI chemotherapy is superior,or at least similar,to LCC,but inferior to LCC if FOLFOX regimen is applied.On the other hand,metastatic LCC exhibits longer survival than that of RCC in a palliative chemotherapy setting.For KRAS wild-type cancers,LCC benefits more from cetuximab treatment than RCC.Moreover,advanced LCC shows a higher sensitivity to bevacizumab treatment in comparison with advanced RCC.Significant varieties exist at the molecular level between RCC and LCC,which may serve as the cause of all apparent differences.With respect to carcinogenesis mechanisms,RCC is associated with known gene types,such as MMR,KRAS,BRAF,and mi RNA-31,while LCC is associated with CIN,p53,NRAS,mi RNA-146 a,mi RNA-147 b,and mi RNA-1288.Regarding protein expression,RCC is related to GNAS,NQO1,telomerase activity,P-PDH,and annexin A10,while LCC is related to Topo I,TS,and EGFR.In addition,separated pathways dominate progressionto relapse in RCC and LCC.Therefore,RCC and LCC should be regarded as two heterogeneous entities,with this heterogeneity being used to stratify patients in order for them to have the optimal,current,and novel therapeutic strategies in clinical practice.Additional research is needed to uncover further differences between RCC and LCC. The colon is derived from the embryological midgut and hindgut separately, with the right colon and left colon with different features with regards to both anatomical and physiological characteristics. Cancer located in the right and left colon are referred to as right colon cancer (RCC) and left colon cancer (LCC), respectively, based on their apparent anatomical positions. Increase evidence supports the notion that not only in there differences in treatment strategies when dealing with RCC and LCC, but molecular features also vary between them, not to mention the distinguishing Clinical manifestations. Dasease-free survival after radical surgery of both RCC and LCC are similar. The treatment of RCC, the benefit gained from adjuvant FOLFIRI chemotherapy is superior, or at least similar to to LCC, but inferior to LCC if FOLFOX regimen is applied.On the other hand, metastatic LCC exhibits longer survival than that of RCC in a palliative chemotherapy setting. FOR KRAS wild-type cancers, LCC benefit s more from cetuximab treatment than RCC. Moreover, advanced LCC shows a higher sensitivity to bevacizumab treatment in comparison with advanced RCC. Identifificant varieties at the molecular level between RCC and LCC, which may serve as the cause of all apparent differences. to carcinogenesis mechanisms, RCC is associated with known gene types such as MMR, KRAS, BRAF, and mi RNA-31 while LCC is associated with CIN, p53, NRAS, mi RNA- miRNA-1288.Regarding protein expression, RCC is related to GNAS, NQO1, telomerase activity, P-PDH, and annexin A10 while LCC is related to Topo I, TS, and EGFR. addition, separated pathways dominate progression to relapse in RCC and LCC.Therefore, RCC and LCC should be regarded as two heterogeneous entities, with this heterogeneity being used to stratify patients in order for them to have the optimal, current, and novel therapeutic strategies in clinical practice. Additional research is needed to uncover further differences between RCC andLCC.