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追随泰罗传播科学管理运动的一些人,后来大都成为传播效率主义的先锋。他们是卡尔·巴恩、亨利·甘特、吉尔布雷斯夫妇、哈林顿·埃默森和奠里斯·库克。了解他们的贡献,对于了解现代管理制度的发展必不可少。亨利·甘特(1861—1919),人称“最不正统的”泰罗门徒。他卓然自树的成就主要表现在下列几方面: 1、建立“完成任务发给奖金”制。甘特认为,泰罗的差别计件工资制不足以实现促使工人进行所期望的那样一种合作。因此,甘特发明了“完成任务发给奖金”制,这个制度包含两个主要内容:①规定工人如在规定时间内或少于规定的时间内完成任务,就可得到除规定时间内的报酬外,还能按时间的百分比获得另外的报酬,即:一个工人在3小时内或不到3小时做了3小时的工作,就可得到4小时的工资。②把引导工人学会最正确的工作方法同工长、管理人员的经济利益结合起来。甘特规定:一个工人达到标准,工长将得到一笔奖金,如果所有工人都达到标准,他还会得到额外的奖金。即“如果某工长管下的10个工人中
Some people who followed Tailo’s scientific management movements later became pioneers of dissemination efficiency. They are Carl Bath, Henry Gantt, Gilbras, Harrington Emerson, and Moores Cook. Understanding their contributions is essential for understanding the development of modern management systems. Henry Gantt (1861-1919) is known as the “most unorthodox” of the Tayrians. His outstanding achievements from the tree are mainly manifested in the following aspects: 1. Establishing a system for “completion of bonuses”. Gantt believes that Taylor’s differential piece-rate wage system is not sufficient to achieve the kind of cooperation that motivates workers to do what they want. Therefore, Gantt invented the system of “completion of bonuses for tasks.” This system contains two main elements: 1 It stipulates that if workers complete tasks within a specified time or less than a specified time, they will be paid in addition to the specified time. In addition, it is also possible to obtain additional remuneration according to the percentage of time, that is, if a worker does 3 hours of work within 3 hours or less than 3 hours, he will receive 4 hours of wages. 2 Combine the economic interests of the foremen and managers with guiding the workers to learn the most correct method of work. Gantt stipulates: When a worker reaches the standard, the foreman will receive a bonus. If all workers meet the standard, he will receive additional bonuses. That is, "If there are 10 workers under the management of a foreman,