应当指出,这里指的东亚国家,是除日本以外的东南亚和东北亚发展中国家和地区的总称。同其他地区的发展中国家一样,战后到80年代初,东亚发展中国家的国有企业也经历了大发展时期。但进入80年代以后,东亚发展中国家面临如何生存与发展的共同挑战。一些国家如新加坡、韩国等对其国有企业的规模、结构及其管理体制进行了大幅度调整与改革,为国有企业的继续发展创造良好的经济环境。我国处在东亚地区,也是这个地区最大的发展中国家。该地区一些 It should be pointed out that the East Asian countries referred to here are the general names of developing countries and regions in Southeast Asia and Northeast Asia except Japan. Like other developing countries in the region, from the second to the early 1980s, state-owned enterprises in developing countries in East Asia also experienced a period of great development. However, after the 1980s, East Asian developing countries face the common challenge of how to survive and develop. Some countries, such as Singapore and South Korea, conducted drastic adjustments and reforms in the size and structure of their state-owned enterprises and their management systems, creating a favorable economic environment for the continued development of state-owned enterprises. My country is in East Asia and is also the largest developing country in the region. Some in the area