目的 探讨儿童气质与感觉统合失调的关系。方法 选择济南市城区5～7岁正常儿童795名,采用NYLS《3～7岁儿童气质量表》(家长评定)测查儿童气质,《儿童感觉统合评定量表》测试儿童感觉统合能力,并对2者关系进行分析。结果 气质维度类型对女孩感觉统合能力影响较小,对男孩感觉统合能力影响较大;男孩组难养型、中间近难养型儿童感觉统合能力得分低于其他气质类型,感觉统合失调率明显高于启动缓慢型及易养型。结论 难养型气质男童易产生感觉统合失调,家长应采取适合儿童气质特点的教育方法,以防止感觉统合失调的发生,减少儿童行为问题。 Objective To explore the relationship between children’s temperament and sensory integration dysfunction. Methods Seven hundred and seventy five normal children aged 5 ~ 7 in Jinan City were enrolled in this study. Children ’s temperament was tested by NYLS’ Children ’s Rating Scale of 3 ~ 7 years old (Parental Assessment). Children’ s sensory integration assessment scale Analysis of the relationship between the two. Results The type of temperament dimension had less effect on the sensory integration ability of the girl, but had a greater influence on the sensory integration ability of the boy. In the boy group, the sensory integration ability of the children in the difficult-to-sustaining type and in the near-intermediate-difficulty type was lower than other temperament types and the sensory integration dysfunction rate was significantly higher To start slow and easy to maintain type. Conclusion The children with euthymic temperament tend to have sensory integration disorders. Parents should adopt educational methods suitable for children’s temperament to prevent the occurrence of sensory integration disorder and reduce the problem of children’s behavior.