本文从认知语法的角度出发,对专有名词和普通名词做了解读并探讨了二者相互转化的机制。本文认为专有名词在语法地位上相当于一个压缩的限定短语,其所指不因语境而发生变化。普通名词与专有名词的相互转化说明它们实际上是一个事物的两个方面,各自承担着不同的功能。此外,不同的语言专名和通名的互转在表层形式有所不同,但深层机制是一样的。 From the perspective of cognitive grammar, this article interprets the proper nouns and common nouns and explores the mechanism of their mutual transformation. This paper argues that proper nouns are syntactically equivalent to a compressed, limited phrase that does not change from context to context. The mutual transformation of common nouns and proper nouns indicates that they are actually two aspects of one thing and each has different functions. In addition, different linguistic names and generic names are different in the surface, but the underlying mechanism is the same.