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目的了解重庆市不同类型公共场所室内PM2.5的污染水平,探讨其可能的影响因素。方法于2011年1月以重庆市5类(餐馆、集体食堂、医院候诊室、娱乐场所及机关办事大厅)38家公共场所为研究对象,采用光散射法同时测定室内外PM2.5浓度,同时现场记录监测场所的门窗及空调等通风装置的开启状态、室内人员数量、正在吸烟的人员数量及室内外温湿度等,采用多重线性回归模型等统计方法分析室内PM2.5浓度的影响因素。结果 38家公共场所室内PM2.5平均浓度为(211±93)μg/m3,范围为68~468μg/m3,室外PM2.5平均浓度为(198±80)μg/m3,范围为85~402μg/m3;室内、外PM2.5浓度比值(I/O值)为1.07±0.23,范围为0.58~1.76,有60.5%(23/38)的公共场所室内PM2.5浓度高于室外。单因素分析结果显示,室内空气PM2.5与室外PM2.5浓度及室外温度均呈正相关(r值分别为0.854,0.451,P<0.01)。多重线性回归结果表明,室内PM2.5浓度随室外空气PM2.5浓度及室内吸烟密度的增加而升高(P<0.05)。结论调查期间重庆市公共场所存在较严重的PM2.5污染,室外空气PM2.5浓度及吸烟密度是最主要的影响因素。
Objective To understand the pollution level of indoor PM2.5 in different types of public places in Chongqing and to explore its possible influencing factors. Methods In January 2011, 38 public places in Chongqing (category: restaurants, collective canteens, hospital waiting rooms, entertainment venues and offices) were selected as research objects. The concentration of PM2.5 in indoor and outdoor was determined by light scattering simultaneously The on-site monitoring of the opening of ventilation devices such as doors, windows and air conditioners, the number of indoor staff, the number of smoking staff and the indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity were all analyzed. The influencing factors of indoor PM2.5 concentration were analyzed with multiple linear regression models. Results The average concentration of indoor PM2.5 in 38 public places was (211 ± 93) μg / m3, ranging from 68 to 468 μg / m3. The average outdoor PM2.5 concentration was (198 ± 80) μg / m3, ranging from 85 to 402 μg / m3; indoor and outdoor PM2.5 concentration ratio (I / O value) of 1.07 ± 0.23, the range of 0.58 ~ 1.76, 60.5% (23/38) of indoor public indoor PM2.5 concentration higher than the outdoor. The results of univariate analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between indoor air PM2.5 and outdoor PM2.5 concentration and outdoor temperature (r = 0.854,0.451, P <0.01). The multiple linear regression results showed that indoor PM2.5 concentration increased with outdoor air PM2.5 concentration and indoor smoke density increased (P <0.05). Conclusion The PM2.5 pollution is more serious in public places in Chongqing during the survey period. PM2.5 concentration and smoke density in outdoor air are the most important factors.