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科斯的经济伦理思想具有显著的“回归”特征,直接跨越边沁、穆勒和庇古的理性传统,而重新回到斯密的经验传统,是对洛克、休谟和斯密经济伦理思想的继承和发展。科斯在法治前提下强调自由市场,并非无条件鼓吹新自由主义的私有化和自由化价值观。科斯的经济伦理思想主要包括以下几个方面:一是自利的个人不是理性的效用最大化者,自利并不排除同情、仁慈等美德,两者没有冲突。二是个人行使权利需要付出代价,交易成本本质上也是权利成本,依据责任规则和忽视具体条件做出的法律裁定将直接影响经济效率,并可能侵犯个人自由和财产权。三是自由市场不是自由放任,并不排斥政府存在,政府的重要作用在于制定法律和确立产权制度。四是理想世界是一个神秘存在,通往理想世界的道路只能是一个动态演进的市场过程,而不是一个理性建构的静态结果。
Coase’s economic ethics has a significant “Regression ” feature. It directly transcends the rational traditions of Bentham, Mill and Pigou, and returns to Smith’s empirical tradition. It is an analysis of the economic ethics of Lockean, Hume and Smith Inheritance and development. Coase emphasizes the free market under the premise of the rule of law and does not unconditionally advocate the values of privatization and liberalization of neoliberalism. Coase’s economic ethics mainly includes the following aspects: First, individuals who are self-interested are not the maximizers of rational utility. Self-interest does not exclude the virtues of compassion and benevolence, and there is no conflict between the two. The second is that individuals have to pay the cost of exercising their rights. The transaction cost is essentially the cost of rights. The legal rules based on the rules of responsibility and ignoring specific conditions will directly affect economic efficiency and may infringe upon personal freedom and property rights. Third, the free market is not laissez-faire, does not exclude the existence of government, the government’s important role is to make laws and establish the property system. Fourth, the ideal world is a mysterious existence. The road to the ideal world can only be a dynamic market process, not a static result of rational construction.