论文部分内容阅读
目的了解河南省中学生家庭生活快乐感及其影响因素,为培养儿童青少年健全人格和促进儿童青少年身心健康提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,在河南省7个省辖市70所学校抽取初高中学生21 870名,对其家庭生活主观快乐感及心理健康状况以班级为单位进行集体问卷调查。结果河南省中学生自觉家庭生活快乐的学生占75.32%,重点中学学生自觉家庭生活快乐的检出率高于普通中学学生(χ2=9.93,P<0.05),普通高中学生自觉家庭生活快乐的检出率高于职业高中学生;自评学习成绩好的学生高于学习成绩差的学生;在三代家庭中生活的儿童自觉家庭生活快乐检出率最高(79.39%),双亲家庭次之(77.16%),重组家庭最低(38.85%);自觉家庭生活不快乐的学生心理问题的检出率高于一般和快乐的学生(χ2=1 415.84,P<0.01)。逐步回归分析结果显示,年龄、性别、城乡、家庭结构类型、学习成绩是中学生家庭生活主观快乐感的主要影响因素(P值均<0.05)。结论中学生家庭生活快乐感具有明显的性别、城乡和年龄差异,家庭生活快乐感对学生的心理健康状况有较大的影响。
Objective To understand the happy feeling of family life and its influencing factors of middle school students in Henan Province and to provide a scientific basis for cultivating healthy personality of children and adolescents and promoting the physical and mental health of children and adolescents. Methods By stratified cluster sampling, 21 870 primary and secondary high school students were selected from 70 schools in seven provinces and cities in Henan Province. The subjective happiness and mental health of their family life were surveyed by class. Results The percentage of students who consciously lived a happy family life was 75.32% in middle school students in Henan Province. The detection rate of happiness in family middle school students was higher than that in ordinary middle school students (χ2 = 9.93, P <0.05) The rate of family happiness in the three generations of families was the highest (79.39%), followed by the parents (77.16%), the rate of self-evaluation was significantly higher than that of the students in vocational high schools (38.85%). Psychological problems of students who consciously felt unhappy family life were higher than those of general and happy students (χ2 = 1 415.84, P <0.01). The results of stepwise regression analysis showed that age, sex, urban and rural areas, family structure type and academic performance were the main influencing factors of middle school students’ subjective happiness (P <0.05). Conclusions The happiness of family life of middle school students has obvious gender, urban-rural difference and age difference, and the happy family life has a great influence on students’ mental health.