本文要探讨的问题是工厂设计院的三个基本条件,即人才、资料和一套科学的制度和方法,我们姑且把它称为机械工厂设计院的“三要素”。这三个问题,对从事工厂设计工作的同志来说也许是“老生常谈”了。然而,从多年实践来说,在认识上并没有达到应有的重视程度,而且随着现代科技的发展,也要求有新的认识。因此,在总结历史经验的时候再来谈谈这三个问题,还是有一定意义的。一、人才做工厂设计要有人,这是无疑的。问题在于要有什么样的人,这在认识上就不尽一致了。工厂设计是一门综合性的科学技术,其特点是综合性、系统性、整体性,要求运用系统工程的方法综合多种矛盾求得最优化方案。一项工厂设计要体现政策的正确性、技术的先进性和经济的合理性。这就要求一个工厂设计院必须按照自己的服务范围 The issue to be explored in this paper is the three basic conditions of the Factory Design Institute, namely talents, materials and a set of scientific systems and methods. Let us call it the “three elements” of the Mechanical Factory Design Institute. These three questions may be “a commonplace” for comrades engaged in factory design work. However, from many years of practice, the recognition has not reached the level of attention it deserves, and with the development of modern science and technology, new understandings are also required. Therefore, to sum up these three issues when summing up historical experience, it still has certain significance. First, there is no doubt that talented people must design factories. The question is what kind of person to have, which is not consistent in understanding. Factory design is a comprehensive science and technology. Its characteristics are comprehensive, systematic, and integrated. It requires the use of systems engineering methods to synthesize multiple contradictions to obtain the optimal solution. A factory design should reflect the correctness of the policy, the advanced nature of the technology, and the economic rationality. This requires that a factory design institute must follow its own scope of service