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目的分析山东省2010~2013年水痘疫情流行病学特征,为控制水痘暴发和流行提供依据。方法数据来源中国疾病控制信息系统中山东省2010~2013年水痘个案病例及暴发疫情信息,采用描述流行病学方法分析流行病学特征。结果山东省2010~2013年共报告水痘71 644例,死亡1例,平均发病率为18.68/10万,春、冬季高发。病例中男女性别比为1.37∶1,主要集中在4~8和10~24岁,发病率分别为114.55/10万、34.80/10万。同期共报告暴发疫情38起,主要发生在城镇的小学。结论儿童为水痘的高发人群,应加强托幼机构及学校水痘疫情的监测,及时采取接种水痘疫苗、隔离病例等防控措施,减少暴发,进一步降低水痘发病率。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of chickenpox in Shandong from 2010 to 2013 and provide basis for controlling the outbreak and spread of chickenpox. Methods Data were collected from China CDC in the case of chickenpox in Shandong Province from 2010 to 2013 and the epidemic outbreak information, and the descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics. Results A total of 71 644 chickenpox cases were reported in Shandong Province from 2010 to 2013, with 1 death. The average incidence was 18.68 / 100 000, with high incidence in spring and winter. The male / female sex ratio in cases was 1.37: 1, mainly in the range of 4 to 8 and 10 to 24 years. The incidence rates were 114.55 / 100,000 and 34.80 / 100,000, respectively. During the same period, a total of 38 outbreaks were reported, mainly in urban primary schools. Conclusions Children are a high risk group of chickenpox. Surveillance of chickenpox epidemics in nurseries and schools should be strengthened. Timely vaccination and isolation of chickenpox should be taken to prevent outbreaks and further reduce the incidence of chickenpox.