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【目的】对引进筛选出的4个德国鸢尾新品种笛声、青年蓝、梦醒、再享天福进行常规及组培繁殖技术研究,研究德国鸢尾常规及组培育苗的有效途径,为德国鸢尾种苗繁殖生产提供可靠的技术支撑。【方法】研究4个德国鸢尾品种在不同季节(春季、秋季)分株繁殖的成活率、萌芽率及对开花的影响;研究各品种在组培快繁中外植体的诱导、继代及生根培养基最佳激素水平及集成各环节技术建立各品种的快繁体系。【结果】德国鸢尾的常规繁殖,最佳分株繁殖时间是根系活动结束后或开始之前,即秋季休眠后或春季萌芽前,分株最好带2~3个芽进行移栽,单株移栽对植株开花影响较大,开花率较低,分株带5个芽的要优于带3个芽的开花率。德国鸢尾的组培繁殖,以其花器官中的花茎节作为外植体,用MS+BA 3.0~4.0 mg/L+NAA 1.0mg/L培养基进行诱导,可直接得到不定芽;增殖培养基为MS+BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L,带芽量为4~5个时,其增殖率为300%多;生根培养基为1/2MS+NAA 0.5 mg/L,带芽量为4~5个时,接种15 d,其生根率为100%;移栽基质以进口的粗草炭土为最佳,移栽成活率可达到100%。【结论】德国鸢尾的常规繁殖,最佳分株繁殖时间秋季休眠后或春季萌芽前,分株带2~3个芽进行移栽,单株移栽对植株开花影响较大,开花率较低。德国鸢尾的组培繁殖,用花茎节接种在MS+BA 3.0~4.0 mg/L+NAA 1.0 mg/L培养基上进行诱导,可直接得到不定芽,增殖培养基为MS+BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L,生根培养基为1/2MS+NAA 0.5 mg/L,移栽基质以草炭土为最佳,移栽成活率可达到100%。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to study the conventional and tissue culture techniques of four German iris new varieties, which were fluffy, young blue, Breeding seed production to provide reliable technical support. 【Method】 The survival rate, germination rate and flowering of four German iris cultivars in different seasons (spring and autumn) were studied. The induction, subculture and rooting of explants in the rapid propagation of tissue culture were studied. Medium best hormone levels and integration of various aspects of technology to establish a variety of fast propagation system. 【Result】 The results showed that the best reproductive time of Iris was from the beginning of root activity or before the beginning of the root activity, that is, after the fall dormancy or before the spring germination, the ramets were best transplanted with 2-3 buds. Planting a greater impact on plant flowering, flowering rate is low, with 5 shoots of division is better than with 3 bud flowering rate. In the tissue culture of Iris germanica, adventitious buds can be obtained directly from the stems of flower organs in vitro using MS + BA 3.0-4.0 mg / L + NAA 1.0 mg / L medium. The proliferation medium With MS + BA 1.0 mg / L and NAA 0.5 mg / L with buds of 4 ~ 5, the proliferation rate was more than 300%. The rooting medium was 1 / 2MS + NAA 0.5 mg / 4 to 5, 15 days after inoculation, the rooting rate was 100%. The transplanted substrate was the best imported coarse grass charcoal, transplanting survival rate can reach 100%. 【Conclusion】 The normal propagation of Iris germanica, the best propagation time of ramets were either transplanted after 2-3 days of dormancy in autumn or before spring, and the transplanting of single plant had a greater influence on the flowering of plants and the flowering rate was lower . In vitro culture was induced by tissue culture in MS + BA 3.0-4.0 mg / L + NAA 1.0 mg / L medium with MS + BA 1.0 mg / L + NAA 0.5 mg / L, rooting medium 1 / 2MS + NAA 0.5 mg / L, and transplanting substrate was the best with peat soil, the transplanting survival rate could reach 100%.