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目的了解基于网络随访的营养宣教对改善小学生膳食行为的影响,为小学生养成良好的膳食习惯提供方法。方法对河北师范大学附属小学120名9~10岁小学生在课外活动时间进行1次膳食营养宣教,1周后发放问卷。随机选取60名学生为网络随访组,建立QQ群,并在每周进行随访,4周发放问卷评价其最近1周健康膳食行为的坚持情况。其余60名为对照组不进行任何干预。结果营养宣教1周后,对照组和网络随访组小学生膳食知识、态度、行为报告率差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。随访4周后网络随访组与对照组比较,膳食营养的知识、态度和行为有明显改善。在与家长交流营养知识(96.61%,68.09%)、吃原来不喜欢的健康食物(84.75%,53.19%)和放弃爱吃的不健康食品(81.36%,51.06%)方面差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为15.81,3.93,11.02,P值均<0.01)。结论基于网络随访的营养宣教能更有效地促进小学生形成长期的良好膳食习惯。
Objective To understand the impact of nutrition mission based on internet follow-up on improving dietary behaviors of primary school students and to provide a method for primary school students to develop good dietary habits. Methods A total of 120 primary school children aged 9-10 years were enrolled in the primary school affiliated to Hebei Normal University during the extracurricular activities time. One week later, questionnaires were given. Sixty students were randomly selected as the follow-up group for the internet. A QQ group was established. Follow-up was conducted weekly, and questionnaires were distributed for 4 weeks to evaluate their adherence to healthy dietary behaviors in the recent 1 week. The remaining 60 as control group without any intervention. Results One week after nutrition education, there was no significant difference in the dietary knowledge, attitude and behavior reporting rate between the control group and the internet follow-up group (P> 0.05). After 4 weeks of follow-up, the knowledge, attitude and behavior of dietary nutrition were significantly improved in the follow-up group compared with the control group. The differences were statistically significant in sharing nutritional knowledge with parents (96.61%, 68.09%), eating unhealthy healthy foods (84.75%, 53.19%) and giving up unhealthy foods (81.36%, 51.06%) χ2 values were 15.81,3.93,11.02, P values were <0.01). Conclusion Nutritional follow-up based on internet follow-up can more effectively promote the long-term good eating habits of pupils.