引言 肋片换热器、太阳能集热器的优化设计,核反应堆的安全问题,以及微电子设备的散热问题对竖通道自然对流的换热研究提出了迫切的要求.自Elenbass提出竖通道自然对流问题以来,很多人作了有关的理论和实验研究工作.在前人工作中,一般都引入Boussinesq近似,即认为除浮力项外,密度、粘性等物性参数都为常数.在其它自然对流问题中,最多是按某参考温度给定物性以近似变物性影响.然而,对于不同的问题(单板、圆 Introduction The optimal design of fins heat exchangers, solar collectors, safety of nuclear reactors and the heat dissipation of microelectronic devices put forward urgent requirements on the research of natural convection heat exchange in vertical passage. Since Elenbass proposed the natural convection of vertical passage , Many people have made relevant theoretical and experimental research work.In the work of the predecessors, the general introduction of Boussinesq approximation, that is, except buoyancy terms, the density, viscosity and other physical parameters are constant.In other natural convection problems, At most, a given reference temperature gives the approximate physical property change, however, for different problems (veneer, circle