论文部分内容阅读
目的探讨甘肃省陇南市现阶段黑热病流行病学特征。方法回顾性分析近10余年来甘肃省陇南市第一人民医院收住的305例黑热病在年龄、性别、职业、季节和地区等分布特征。结果黑热病患者男女性别比为1.5∶1;年龄平均37.25岁,2岁以下患者占总病例的33.44%,4岁以下占总病例的47.87%,10岁以下占总病例的64.92%;以学龄前儿童、学生和农民多见;春季发病增多,夏初达到顶峰,秋冬季发病下降;近17年来发病呈逐渐上升趋势,具有波动性特点;所有病例均来源于白龙江沿岸,分布于舟曲、宕昌、迭部、武都、文县等地。结论近年来陇南市的黑热病防治工作应加强,防治重点应放在男性、4岁以内学龄前儿童,春天要加强灭蛉和犬的工作,武都、文县和舟曲3县作为防治重点。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of kala-azar in Longnan City, Gansu Province. Methods A retrospective analysis was made on the distribution characteristics of 305 cases of kala-azar, including age, gender, occupation, season and area, admitted to First People’s Hospital of Longnan City in the recent 10 years. Results The gender ratio of patients with kala-azar was 1.5:1. The average age was 37.25 years. The patients under 2 years old accounted for 33.44% of the total cases. The patients under 4 years old accounted for 47.87% of the total cases and the cases under 10 years old accounted for 64.92% of the total cases. Children, students and peasants were more common. The incidence increased in spring, reached its peak in early summer and decreased in autumn and winter. The incidence gradually increased in the past 17 years and showed the characteristics of volatility. All the cases were from the banks of Bailong River and distributed in Zhouqu, Chang, Diego Department, Wudu, Wen County and other places. Conclusion In recent years, prevention and treatment of kala-azar in Longnan should be strengthened. Prevention and treatment should be focused on men and preschool children under 4 years of age. In the spring, efforts should be stepped up to eliminate gall and dogs. Wudu County, Wenxian County and Zhouqu County should be the focus of prevention and treatment.