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目的探讨维吾尔族与汉族(维汉)难治性高血压(RH)相关危险因素的异同。方法收集2003-05-2010-02住院的原发性高血压患者1367例,其中RH673例,非RH694例,汉族967例,维吾尔族400例。对维汉两民族患者的性别、年龄、高血压病程、吸烟史、高血压家族史、肥胖、血脂异常、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、三酰甘油、糖尿病、糖耐量异常(IGT)及慢性肾脏病(CKD)等相关危险因素,分别进行单因素及多因素logistic回归分析。结果汉族RH组与非RH组相比,IGT比例较低(P<0.05),年龄较大、高血压病程较长、总胆固醇水平较高(均P<0.05),糖尿病患病率高、CKD比例高、治疗不当比例高及血脂异常的比例高(均P<0.05);维吾尔族RH组与非RH组相比,高血压家族史及IGT的比例较低(均P<0.05),年龄较大、高血压病程较长(均P<0.05),糖尿病患病率高、CKD比例高及治疗不当的比例高(均P<0.05)。经logistic回归分析结果显示:糖尿病(OR=13.840,P<0.01)、CKD(OR=9.369,P<0.01)及高血压病程(OR=1.063,P<0.01)与汉族RH独立相关;糖尿病(OR=11.135,P<0.01)、CKD(OR=8.959,P<0.01)及高血压病程(OR=1.052,P=0.012)与维吾尔族RH独立相关。结论高血压病程、糖尿病及CKD是维汉共同的独立危险因素。
Objective To explore the similarities and differences of risk factors related to refractory hypertension (RH) between Uighur and Han nationality. Methods A total of 1367 hospitalized patients with essential hypertension were collected from 2003-05-2010-02. Among them RH673 cases, non-RH694 cases, Han Chinese cases 967 cases and Uyghur cases 400 cases. The gender, age, duration of hypertension, smoking history, family history of hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL- C), triglycerides, diabetes mellitus, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) were analyzed by single factor and multivariate logistic regression respectively. Results Compared with non-RH group, Han patients had lower proportion of IGT (P <0.05), older age, longer duration of hypertension, higher total cholesterol (all P <0.05), higher prevalence of diabetes, (P <0.05). The family history of hypertension and the proportion of IGT were lower in Uighur RH and non-RH groups (all P <0.05), while the age was higher Longer duration of hypertension and hypertension (all P <0.05), high prevalence of diabetes, high proportion of CKD and poor treatment (all P <0.05). The result of logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes (OR = 13.840, P <0.01), CKD (OR = 9.369, P <0.01) and course of hypertension (OR = 1.063, = 11.135, P <0.01). CKD (OR = 8.959, P <0.01) and duration of hypertension (OR = 1.052, P = 0.012) were independently associated with Uygur RH. Conclusion The course of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and CKD are the independent risk factors of VW.