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在历年高考试题中, 状语从句一直是考查的重点和热点。同时,由于状语从句种类繁多, 因此一直是高考中的一大难点。下面结合2007年全国各地高考试题,来探讨一下高考状语从句的考查热点。
状语从句中的连接词选择
做好这类题目的关键是要熟练掌握各个连接词(组)的具体含义, 然后把选项中的连接词依次代入句中, 看是否符合语意。
【高考真题】
1. Leave your key with a neighbor ______ you lock yourself out one day. (2007年高考北京卷) A. ever since B. even if
C. soon after D. in case
答案是D。in case意为“以免、假使、万一……”,引导条件状语从句。从语意来分析,在这里表示条件上的可能性。ever since意为“自……以来”,ever if意为“即使……”, soon after意为“自……后不久”,均不符合句意。
2. I won’t call you,_______ something unexpected happens. (2007年高考全国卷Ⅰ)
A. unless B. whether
C. because D. while
答案是A。unless意为“除非……”, 在这里表示条件。从语意分析, 此句应该表示“我是不会来叫你的, 除非有突发事情”。而whether意为“是否……”, because意为“因为……”, while意为“虽然, 而……等等”。
巩固练习
1. ______I really don’t like art,I find his work impressive. (2007年高考山东卷)
A. As B. Since
C. If D. While
2. We had to wait half an hour_______ we had already booked a table. (2007年高考辽宁卷)
A. since B. although
C. until D. before
3. Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water _______ they are not managed carefully. (2007年高考上海卷)
A. though B. before
C. until D. if
4. ________he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race. (2007年高考全国卷Ⅱ)
A. If B. Since
C. Though D. When
5. You will be successful in the interview_______ you have confidence. (2007年高考福建卷)
A. before B. once
C. until D. though
6. He was told that it would be at least three more months_______ he would recover and return to work. (2007年高考江西卷)
A. when B. before
C. since D. that
7. It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life_______ we’ve actually had that lesson.(2007年高考天津卷)
A. until B. after
C. since D. when
8. I’d like to study law at university______my cousin prefers geography. (2007年高考四川卷)
A. though B. as
C. while D. for
9. Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice,_______they knew it to be valuable. (2007年高考浙江卷)
A. as if B. now that
C. even thoughD. so that
10. Most birds find it safe to sleep in the trees, but _______ they have eggs or young chicks,they don’t use a nest. (2007年高考湖南卷)
A. whyB. how
C. unless D. where
11. My parents live in a small village. They always keep candles in the house ______ there is a power cut. (2007年高考重庆卷)
A. if B. unless
C. in case D. so that
参考答案:
1. D2. B3. D4. A5. B6. B7. A8. C9. C10. C11. C
状语从句中的语序
如果从倒装的角度看状语从句的语序问题,那么这类从句主要属于部分倒装。
【高考真题】
1. ______, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.(2007年高考重庆卷)
A. Strange as might it sound
B. As it might sound strange
C. As strange it might sound
D. Strange as it might sound
答案是D。as引导让步状语从句时, 从句部分须用部分倒装,即把表语、状语或动词(原形)提前, 如果名词提前放在句首, 该名词前不可加定冠词或不定冠词。
2. If Joe’s wife won’t go to the party,_______. (2007年高考全国卷Ⅱ)
A. he will either B. neither will he
C. he neither will D. either he will
答案是B。这道题考查的是主句的语序问题。意为:“如果乔的妻子不去聚会的话, 那他也不会去。”要注意的是条件状语从句中的will是情态动词, 表示“意愿、愿意”, 同时主句中也表示否定含义, 所以要用倒装结构。
3. _______ that Marie was able to set up new branches elsewhere.(2007年高考陕西卷)
A. So successful her business was
B. So successful was her business
C. So her business was successful
D. So was her successful business
答案是B。
状语从句的省略
状语从句中出现省略,要注意把省略部分还原成完整的句子,然后进行判别。
【高考真题】
1. Though he started late, Mr. Guo played the piano as well as, if_____,David.(2007年高考陕西卷)
A. not better than B. not better
C. no better than D. better
答案是A。这题考查的是if条件状语从句的省略。补充完全应该是“if he did not play better than David”。
状语从句中的时态和语态
状语从句跟动词的时态与语态相结合的考法经常出现在高考中。因此,学生必须熟练掌握各个时态的用法以及主动语态和被动语态的用法。
【高考真题】
1. The play had already been on for quite some time when we _______ at the New Theatre(2007年高考浙江卷)
A. have arrived B. arrived
C. had arrived D. arrive
答案是B。这题考查的是when引导的时间状语从句中的时态考查,由于主句用的是过去完成时态,根据句意arrive的动作发生在后,因此要选一般过去时态。
状语从句与定语从句的区别
三大从句(状语从句、名词性从句和定语从句)一直都是高考考查的热点和难点,状语从句和定语从句最大的区别是状语从句不是用来修饰某个名词或代词,而是单独存在;而定语从句一定要修饰某个名词或代词, 起到修饰的作用。
【高考真题】
1. Pop music is such an important part of society_______ it has even influenced our language. (2007年高考上海卷)
A. as B. that
C. which D. where
答案是B。这题考查的是“such... that... ”引导的结果状语从句, 意为“如此……以至于……”, 而不是定语从句, 因为从句“it has even influenced our language”句子结构是完整的, 不用来修饰前面的名词。
状语从句与强调句的区别
有时候也会碰到看似强调句型实则是状语从句的句子,或看似状语从句实则是强调句型的句子,要仔细辨别,认清特征。强调句型一般把“It is/was...that/who...”去掉, 句子仍然完整。
【高考真题】
It _______ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks_______ I found we had a lot in common.(2007年高考浙江卷)
A. was until; when
B. was until; that
C. wasn’t until; when
D. wasn’t until; that
答案是D。这题考查的是“It wasn’t until... that/who...”引导的强调句型, 但其实就其实质来说是强调了由not until... 引导的状语从句。注意不要受到when的迷惑。
[作者单位:浙江省余姚中学]
责任编辑:王 伟
状语从句中的连接词选择
做好这类题目的关键是要熟练掌握各个连接词(组)的具体含义, 然后把选项中的连接词依次代入句中, 看是否符合语意。
【高考真题】
1. Leave your key with a neighbor ______ you lock yourself out one day. (2007年高考北京卷) A. ever since B. even if
C. soon after D. in case
答案是D。in case意为“以免、假使、万一……”,引导条件状语从句。从语意来分析,在这里表示条件上的可能性。ever since意为“自……以来”,ever if意为“即使……”, soon after意为“自……后不久”,均不符合句意。
2. I won’t call you,_______ something unexpected happens. (2007年高考全国卷Ⅰ)
A. unless B. whether
C. because D. while
答案是A。unless意为“除非……”, 在这里表示条件。从语意分析, 此句应该表示“我是不会来叫你的, 除非有突发事情”。而whether意为“是否……”, because意为“因为……”, while意为“虽然, 而……等等”。
巩固练习
1. ______I really don’t like art,I find his work impressive. (2007年高考山东卷)
A. As B. Since
C. If D. While
2. We had to wait half an hour_______ we had already booked a table. (2007年高考辽宁卷)
A. since B. although
C. until D. before
3. Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water _______ they are not managed carefully. (2007年高考上海卷)
A. though B. before
C. until D. if
4. ________he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race. (2007年高考全国卷Ⅱ)
A. If B. Since
C. Though D. When
5. You will be successful in the interview_______ you have confidence. (2007年高考福建卷)
A. before B. once
C. until D. though
6. He was told that it would be at least three more months_______ he would recover and return to work. (2007年高考江西卷)
A. when B. before
C. since D. that
7. It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life_______ we’ve actually had that lesson.(2007年高考天津卷)
A. until B. after
C. since D. when
8. I’d like to study law at university______my cousin prefers geography. (2007年高考四川卷)
A. though B. as
C. while D. for
9. Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice,_______they knew it to be valuable. (2007年高考浙江卷)
A. as if B. now that
C. even thoughD. so that
10. Most birds find it safe to sleep in the trees, but _______ they have eggs or young chicks,they don’t use a nest. (2007年高考湖南卷)
A. whyB. how
C. unless D. where
11. My parents live in a small village. They always keep candles in the house ______ there is a power cut. (2007年高考重庆卷)
A. if B. unless
C. in case D. so that
参考答案:
1. D2. B3. D4. A5. B6. B7. A8. C9. C10. C11. C
状语从句中的语序
如果从倒装的角度看状语从句的语序问题,那么这类从句主要属于部分倒装。
【高考真题】
1. ______, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.(2007年高考重庆卷)
A. Strange as might it sound
B. As it might sound strange
C. As strange it might sound
D. Strange as it might sound
答案是D。as引导让步状语从句时, 从句部分须用部分倒装,即把表语、状语或动词(原形)提前, 如果名词提前放在句首, 该名词前不可加定冠词或不定冠词。
2. If Joe’s wife won’t go to the party,_______. (2007年高考全国卷Ⅱ)
A. he will either B. neither will he
C. he neither will D. either he will
答案是B。这道题考查的是主句的语序问题。意为:“如果乔的妻子不去聚会的话, 那他也不会去。”要注意的是条件状语从句中的will是情态动词, 表示“意愿、愿意”, 同时主句中也表示否定含义, 所以要用倒装结构。
3. _______ that Marie was able to set up new branches elsewhere.(2007年高考陕西卷)
A. So successful her business was
B. So successful was her business
C. So her business was successful
D. So was her successful business
答案是B。
状语从句的省略
状语从句中出现省略,要注意把省略部分还原成完整的句子,然后进行判别。
【高考真题】
1. Though he started late, Mr. Guo played the piano as well as, if_____,David.(2007年高考陕西卷)
A. not better than B. not better
C. no better than D. better
答案是A。这题考查的是if条件状语从句的省略。补充完全应该是“if he did not play better than David”。
状语从句中的时态和语态
状语从句跟动词的时态与语态相结合的考法经常出现在高考中。因此,学生必须熟练掌握各个时态的用法以及主动语态和被动语态的用法。
【高考真题】
1. The play had already been on for quite some time when we _______ at the New Theatre(2007年高考浙江卷)
A. have arrived B. arrived
C. had arrived D. arrive
答案是B。这题考查的是when引导的时间状语从句中的时态考查,由于主句用的是过去完成时态,根据句意arrive的动作发生在后,因此要选一般过去时态。
状语从句与定语从句的区别
三大从句(状语从句、名词性从句和定语从句)一直都是高考考查的热点和难点,状语从句和定语从句最大的区别是状语从句不是用来修饰某个名词或代词,而是单独存在;而定语从句一定要修饰某个名词或代词, 起到修饰的作用。
【高考真题】
1. Pop music is such an important part of society_______ it has even influenced our language. (2007年高考上海卷)
A. as B. that
C. which D. where
答案是B。这题考查的是“such... that... ”引导的结果状语从句, 意为“如此……以至于……”, 而不是定语从句, 因为从句“it has even influenced our language”句子结构是完整的, 不用来修饰前面的名词。
状语从句与强调句的区别
有时候也会碰到看似强调句型实则是状语从句的句子,或看似状语从句实则是强调句型的句子,要仔细辨别,认清特征。强调句型一般把“It is/was...that/who...”去掉, 句子仍然完整。
【高考真题】
It _______ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks_______ I found we had a lot in common.(2007年高考浙江卷)
A. was until; when
B. was until; that
C. wasn’t until; when
D. wasn’t until; that
答案是D。这题考查的是“It wasn’t until... that/who...”引导的强调句型, 但其实就其实质来说是强调了由not until... 引导的状语从句。注意不要受到when的迷惑。
[作者单位:浙江省余姚中学]
责任编辑:王 伟