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本文通过对日本盘鲍 (D)、皱纹盘鲍 (H)及其二者的正反杂交子代 D♀× H♂ (DH)、D♂× H♀ (HD)四样本的基因组 DNA进行 RAPD标记分析。探讨了杂种优势产生的分子遗传机制。从 4 0个随机引物 (OPK,OPV系列 )中筛选出 12个引物进行扩增 ,共得到 113条清晰稳定的扩增带 ,多态率占 4 3.3%。其中四群体各有其特异扩增位点。另外 D与 DH,H与 HD及 D与 DH,HD等间亦存在共享片段。四群体内相似性指数各自为 0 .798(H)、0 .799(D)、0 .777(HD)、0 .788(DH)。可见正反杂交子代群体内相似性指数皆低于两亲本 ,这表明杂种子代基因组发生的变异更大些。皱纹盘鲍与其正反杂交子代的相对遗传距离分别为 0 .0 76 ,0 .0 95,而日本盘鲍与其正反杂交子代的相对遗传距离分别为 0 .0 31,0 .0 33,前者明显大于后者 ,这表明杂交子代与两亲本的遗传距离不是对等的 ,而是更偏向日本盘鲍。
In this study, RAPD was performed on genomic DNA from four samples, D♀ × H♂ (DH) and D♂ × H♀ (HD), from the reciprocal hybrid of D. japonicus (D.) Mark analysis. The molecular genetic mechanism of heterosis was discussed. Twelve primers were screened from 40 random primers (OPK, OPV series) for amplification. A total of 113 clear and stable amplification bands were obtained, accounting for 43.3% of the total. Four of them have their own specific amplification sites. In addition D and DH, H and HD and D and DH, HD, there are also shared between the fragments. The similarity index among the four groups was 0.798 (H), 0.779 (D), 0.777 (HD), 0.788 (DH) respectively. It can be seen that the similarity index of both progenies and hybrids is lower than that of the parents, which indicates that the variation of the hybrid progeny genome is more significant. The relative genetic distances between H. discus hannai and their reciprocal hybrids were 0.076 and 0.955, respectively, while the relative genetic distances between O. japonica and its reciprocal hybrids were 0.031 and 0.033, respectively , The former is significantly greater than the latter, indicating that the genetic distance between hybrid offspring and the parents is not equal, but more bias to Japanese Abalone.