Objective: This study aimed to identify the influence of predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors and the adherence to medication behavior among tuberculosis patients in Selogiri Wonogiri Public Health Center.Methods: This study employed a descriptive cross-sectional research design. A questionnaire was used to collect primary data. Secondary data were obtained from patient treatment cards (Form TB 01). This research was carried out at Selogiri Health Center from November to December 2017. The par ticipants were patients, both new and old patients, who had completed their treatment in the last 2 months or more, recorded from January 2016 to December 2017. A total sampling technique was used in this study. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influence of predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors and the adherence to medication among tuberculosis patients. Results: The results of logistic regression analysis indicated that there were four independent variables that have a significant relationship with treatment variables, namely education (odds ratio (OR) = 0.025; 95％ confidence interval (CI) = 0.001–0.039); knowledge (OR = 3.37; 95％ CI = 0.19–57.71); type of drug (OR = 0.448; 95％ CI = 0.012–16.07), and means of transportation (OR = 25.77; 95％ CI = 1.33–500.47). Conclusions: Education, knowledge, type of drug, and means of transportation influence medication compliance among tuberculosis patients. Therefore, suppor ting patients during medication program of tuberculosis is needed to improve their adherence medication during multidrug therapy.