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本文通过建立梯度孔隙阳极固体氧化物燃料电池(Solid Oxide Fuel Cell,SOFC)的三维数学模型,模拟了SOFC内部气体传输现象及电性能,通过对比梯度孔隙阳极SOFC与均匀孔隙阳极SOFC的能质传递特性,揭示了梯度孔隙阳极的优越性.研究发现,梯度孔隙阳极设计在保证传质特性不降低的同时,有效调整了电极与其他部件特别是电解质热膨胀系数的匹配.在本文的参数设置下,梯度孔隙阳极设计的SOFC最大输出功率可达到1.005W·cm-2,相比于均匀孔隙阳极SOFC,至少可提高8.78％.因此,梯度孔隙阳极设计的SOFC可以显著提高电池的电性能.“,”In the present paper,a three dimensional mathematic model of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) with gradient porosity anode was established to simulate mass transfer and electrical performances in the SOFC.Compared with homogeneous porosity anode SOFC,gradient porosity anode SOFC shows better mass transfer and electrical performances.Results show that gradient porosity anode design not only remains high mass transfer performance,but also effectively adjusts thermal expansion match between the electrode and electrolyte.The maximum output power density of the gradient porosity anode design in this paper could reach 1.005 W·cm-2,which is at least 8.78％ higher than that of homogeneous porosity anode SOFC.Therefore,gradient porosity anode design can significantly improve the electrical performance of SOFC.