论文部分内容阅读
【摘要】《E-prime 修改策略在高中英語写作教学中的应用研究》经过两年多时间的理论和实践研究，参与研究的师生掌握了其中的一些规律，也发现了其用法奥妙，应用效果不错，取得了一定的成绩，现将E-prime修改策略在高中英语教学中的实践与学生写作提升等方面作一报告。
【关键词】E-prime修改策略;英语教学实践;学生写作提升;实践推广
【作者简介】杨正仁，甘肃省榆中县第一中学。
【基金项目】本文系2018年度甘肃省十三五教育科学规划重点课题“E-prime修改策略在高中英语写作教学中的应用探究”（课题立项号：GS[2018]GHBZ013）的阶段性研究成果。
一、问题的提出
英语写作是英语学习中“听说读看写”五项技能之一，是学习者的输出技能。为此，我们设计了一个“E-prime修改策略在高中英语教学中的课题研究”。我们对此课题有关情况进行了师生问卷。调查发现，绝大多数英语教师对此现象了解不多，或者说以前好像几乎没有思考过该问题，但运用此法进行作文修改之后觉得效果不错。学生问卷中显示，他们觉得在写作中更喜欢用“主系表”结构表达，因为他们想不出更好的动词来表达自己的思想。所以，我们在学生的作文中会看到很多“主系表”结构的句子。当然，有些运用很贴切，很顺畅。如：The dictionary is of great assistance to my English studies. What is well-known to us all is that English is becoming more and more important in our daily life，这样的“主系表”结构运用于较复杂句式中，也不可厚非，但是系动词be还是侧重状态和相对静止，显得不够生动具体，很难给读者更深刻的印象。所以，我们提倡学生尽量少使用“主系表”结构，而多选择其他动词来表达自己的想法。
二、教学研究实践
在具体的教学实践中，我们先通过例句让学生体会并且比较系动词be与实义动词在表达方面的不同，从而达成多使用实义动词之共识。如含有系动词的句子：There is a tall boy outside the classroom for a long time. 变为含有实义动词的句子：A tall boy has been standing outside the classroom for a long time. 第二句中用现在完成进行时，学生就觉得表达更形象生动。再如：My English is poor. 变为I cannot speak or write a single correct English sentence。 我们利用paraphrase的方式改写之后的句子更能说明英语“薄弱”的具体表现等。接下来让学生利用E-prime策略修改自己原来作文中一些主系表结构的句子。
下列第一组句子虽然正确，但表达属于主观判断，不够生动。可以逐一修改：
My favorite sport is basketball.→I like basketball most. My eyes were full of tears.→Tears began to spill out of my eyes. Or Tears leapt from my eyes. The road to success is hard.→We cannot achieve success without hard work. It is harmful to my eyes.→It does great harm to my eyes. Eating breakfast is important to us.→Eating breakfast plays an important role in our health. I’m a student from No1 High School.→I am studying in No 1 High School. The answer was that they had no time.→The answer lay in the fact that they had no time. Breakfast is the most important one among the three meals.→We consider breakfast superior to the other two meals. It’s important for us to take exercise if we are free.→We believe it important to take exercise whenever we have free time. Your parents’ encouragement will be the biggest energy to you.→Encouragement from your parents will surely offer you the biggest energy. I know you are a shy boy.→I know you always fear talking before others in public.
下列第二组句子不仅不够形象，而且每句中都有一定的错误，可以逐一修改：
There are some tips may help you.→Some of the tips may give you help. Participating in clubs is not only can develop your hobbies but also can help you to make new friends.→Participating in clubs can not only develop your hobbies but also help you to make new friends. Tell your friends your school life if it is happy or not.→Tell your friends whether your school life can make you happy or not. The main reason is students don’t have enough time to have breakfast.→The main reason lies in that students don’t have enough time to have breakfast.
【关键词】E-prime修改策略;英语教学实践;学生写作提升;实践推广
【作者简介】杨正仁，甘肃省榆中县第一中学。
【基金项目】本文系2018年度甘肃省十三五教育科学规划重点课题“E-prime修改策略在高中英语写作教学中的应用探究”（课题立项号：GS[2018]GHBZ013）的阶段性研究成果。
一、问题的提出
英语写作是英语学习中“听说读看写”五项技能之一，是学习者的输出技能。为此，我们设计了一个“E-prime修改策略在高中英语教学中的课题研究”。我们对此课题有关情况进行了师生问卷。调查发现，绝大多数英语教师对此现象了解不多，或者说以前好像几乎没有思考过该问题，但运用此法进行作文修改之后觉得效果不错。学生问卷中显示，他们觉得在写作中更喜欢用“主系表”结构表达，因为他们想不出更好的动词来表达自己的思想。所以，我们在学生的作文中会看到很多“主系表”结构的句子。当然，有些运用很贴切，很顺畅。如：The dictionary is of great assistance to my English studies. What is well-known to us all is that English is becoming more and more important in our daily life，这样的“主系表”结构运用于较复杂句式中，也不可厚非，但是系动词be还是侧重状态和相对静止，显得不够生动具体，很难给读者更深刻的印象。所以，我们提倡学生尽量少使用“主系表”结构，而多选择其他动词来表达自己的想法。
二、教学研究实践
在具体的教学实践中，我们先通过例句让学生体会并且比较系动词be与实义动词在表达方面的不同，从而达成多使用实义动词之共识。如含有系动词的句子：There is a tall boy outside the classroom for a long time. 变为含有实义动词的句子：A tall boy has been standing outside the classroom for a long time. 第二句中用现在完成进行时，学生就觉得表达更形象生动。再如：My English is poor. 变为I cannot speak or write a single correct English sentence。 我们利用paraphrase的方式改写之后的句子更能说明英语“薄弱”的具体表现等。接下来让学生利用E-prime策略修改自己原来作文中一些主系表结构的句子。
下列第一组句子虽然正确，但表达属于主观判断，不够生动。可以逐一修改：
My favorite sport is basketball.→I like basketball most. My eyes were full of tears.→Tears began to spill out of my eyes. Or Tears leapt from my eyes. The road to success is hard.→We cannot achieve success without hard work. It is harmful to my eyes.→It does great harm to my eyes. Eating breakfast is important to us.→Eating breakfast plays an important role in our health. I’m a student from No1 High School.→I am studying in No 1 High School. The answer was that they had no time.→The answer lay in the fact that they had no time. Breakfast is the most important one among the three meals.→We consider breakfast superior to the other two meals. It’s important for us to take exercise if we are free.→We believe it important to take exercise whenever we have free time. Your parents’ encouragement will be the biggest energy to you.→Encouragement from your parents will surely offer you the biggest energy. I know you are a shy boy.→I know you always fear talking before others in public.
下列第二组句子不仅不够形象，而且每句中都有一定的错误，可以逐一修改：
There are some tips may help you.→Some of the tips may give you help. Participating in clubs is not only can develop your hobbies but also can help you to make new friends.→Participating in clubs can not only develop your hobbies but also help you to make new friends. Tell your friends your school life if it is happy or not.→Tell your friends whether your school life can make you happy or not. The main reason is students don’t have enough time to have breakfast.→The main reason lies in that students don’t have enough time to have breakfast.