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美国1979年开始对此药进行临床研究,随后的Ⅱ期和Ⅲ期试验证明此药治疗乳腺癌、急性白血病和淋巴瘤有显著临床疗效。此药除有抗肿瘤作用外,还有抗病毒、抗菌、抗原虫以及免疫调节作用。在某些动物模型中有致突变作用。此药的作用机制可能涉及DNA嵌入作用和非嵌入性静电相互作用。当每隔3周注射一次时,骨髓抑制是其剂量限制毒性反应;而每天注射一次连用5天时,粘膜炎是其剂量限制毒性反应。其它毒性反应包括对胃肠道和心脏的毒性反应。对胃肠道的毒性作用比蒽环类抗癌药轻而少见。由
The United States began clinical research on this drug in 1979. Subsequent Phase II and Phase III trials have demonstrated that this drug has significant clinical efficacy in the treatment of breast cancer, acute leukemia and lymphoma. In addition to the anti-tumor effect of this drug, there are anti-virus, anti-bacterial, anti-protozoal and immune regulation. There are mutagenic effects in some animal models. The mechanism of action of this drug may involve DNA embedding and non-embedded electrostatic interactions. Myelosuppression is its dose-limiting toxicity when injected every 3 weeks, whereas mucositis is its dose-limiting toxicity when injected once daily for 5 days. Other toxic reactions include toxic reactions to the gastrointestinal tract and heart. The toxic effects on the gastrointestinal tract are lighter and less common than anthracycline anticancer drugs. by