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景颇语是一种有丰富韵律特征的语言。本文从韵律共时特征的分析中,进一步探索景颇语的韵律与景颇语历史演变的关系。论文分两部分:一是简要介绍景颇语韵律的类型及特点;二是分析景颇语韵律影响语法结构的几个主要表现。景颇语的韵律在语音形式上有六种形式:元音舌位高低和谐;音节前弱后强;双声、叠韵、谐韵;双音节化;重叠;延音。在语法结构上,韵律波及的范围有“词韵律”和“句法韵律”两种类型。二者之中以“词韵律”为常见。“句法韵律”多由“词韵律”扩散而成。景颇语的韵律对语法结构演变的制约,目前能看到的主要有以下几种:一、改变词的结构性质。如:使双音节复合词按“前弱后强”的韵律构成“一个半音节”的“准复合词”。二、通过双音节化使短语变为复合词。三、通过韵律变化构成新的语法范畴。如:通过重叠、双声、叠韵、谐韵的韵律变化构成名词的类别范畴。四、词序、语序、句序按韵律特征安排前后顺序,而摆脱语义的制约。如:并列复合词、并列对比句的顺序出现韵律顺序。五、韵律特征制约词类的演变特点。如:个体量词的演变、双音节复合个体量词的产生。六、韵律催生语法形式的转型。如:韵律催生动词的后缀转为独立的虚词——句尾词。
Jingpo language is a rich rhythm characteristics of the language. This essay further explores the relationship between the rhythms of Jingpo language and the historical evolution of Jingpo language from the analysis of rhythmic synchronic characteristics. The thesis is divided into two parts: one is to briefly introduce the types and characteristics of the Jingpo language prosody; the other is to analyze the main manifestations of the influence of the Jingpo language prosody on the grammatical structure. There are six forms of phonetic form in the phonetic form: vowel tongue level harmony; syllable weak before strong; double sound, overlapping rhyme, harmonic rhyme; double syllables; overlap; In terms of grammatical structure, the range of prosodic waves includes two types: “word prosody” and “syntactic prosody.” Among the two to “rhyme ” is common. “Syntactic rhythm ” mostly by the “rhyme rhythm ” proliferation. The constraints of the prosody of Jingpo language on the evolution of the grammatical structure are mainly as follows: First, to change the structural nature of the word. Such as: the disyllable compound words by “before the strong weak ” prosody “a semi-syllable ” “quasi-compound ”. Second, to make the phrase compound by double syllables. Third, constitute a new grammatical category through the change of rhythm. Such as: by overlapping, double sound, overlapping rhyme, prosody rhythm changes constitute category categories of nouns. Fourth, the word order, word order, sentence order According to the prosodic features arranged before and after the order, and get rid of the semantic constraints. Such as: parallel compound words, juxtaposed sentences in the order of prosody order. Fifth, the prosodic features of the evolution of part of speech characteristics. Such as: the evolution of individual quantifiers, double syllable compound individual quantifiers. Sixth, the rhythm birth of the transformation of grammatical form. Such as: prosody of the verb suffix into independent function words - sentence tail.