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以贵州开阳磷矿粉为原料,研究了磷矿粉化学浸提法脱镁工艺。通过正交试验及极差分析获得磷矿粉脱镁最佳工艺条件:脱镁剂硫酸溶液浓度为2.0 mol/L,p H为1.0~2.0,反应时间为3.0 h,反应温度为45℃,液固比为3.0∶1,同时得到脱镁后磷矿粉的镁磷比数学模型为y=15 570 522 604.536×T~(-5.296)×[pH]~(7.540)×τ~(-2.090)×G~(-1.370)×c~(-0.683)+1.475。在最佳工艺条件下,磷矿浆Mg O脱除率为89.2%,P_2O_5损失率为2.8%,镁磷比为0.86%,达到HG/T 2673—1995湿法磷酸用矿优等品Ⅱ类标准。采用脱镁后磷矿粉模拟生产重过磷酸钙,所得产品质量达到HG 2219—1991优等品标准。磷矿粉脱镁液经NH4HCO3溶液处理后可得到Mg NH_4PO_4·6H_2O肥料副产物。
Taking Kaiyang phosphate rock powder as raw material, the magnesium removal technology of chemical extraction of phosphate rock powder was studied. The optimum technological conditions for magnesium removal from magnesium ore were obtained through orthogonal test and range analysis. The optimal conditions for the magnesium removal from magnesium phosphate rock were as follows: the concentration of magnesium sulfate was 2.0 mol / L, the pH was 1.0-2.0, the reaction time was 3.0 h, the reaction temperature was 45 ℃, The ratio of liquid to solid is 3.0: 1, and the ratio of magnesium to phosphorus of magnesium ore after demagnetization is y = 15 570 522 604.536 × T ~ (-5.296) × [pH] ~ (7.540) × τ ~ (-2.090 ) × G ~ (-1.370) × c ~ (-0.683) +1.475. Under optimum conditions, the removal rate of MgO in phosphate slurry was 89.2%, the loss rate of P2O5 was 2.8% and the ratio of magnesium to phosphorus was 0.86%, reached the standard of class II of HG / T 2673-1995 . Using magnesium phosphate rock powder to simulate the production of heavy superphosphate, the product quality achieved HG 2219-1991 superior product standards. Magnesium phosphate rock phosphate solution by NH4HCO3 solution can be obtained Mg NH_4PO_4 · 6H_2O fertilizer by-products.