青海省是一个以少数民族广泛分布为主体的多民族聚居区,南界川边的阿坝、甘孜两个民族自治州,东南为甘南藏族自治州,东邻西藏自治区,新疆维吾尔自治区则居于其西北,东部及东北部与甘肃临夏回族自治州、兰州市、河西走廊等地相依,青海高原为青藏高原的重要组成部分,青海东部河湟地带处于青藏高原向黄土高原的过渡区域。因此,作为一个研究单元青海具有典型意义,地理学界和历史学界对这一特殊区域均较为关注,相关学术成果丰富。 Qinghai Province is a multi-ethnic area mainly composed of ethnic minorities, Aba and Ganzi autonomous prefectures in the south of the border, Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in the southeast, Tibet Autonomous Region in the east, and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in the northwest and east And the northeast and Gansu Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture, Lanzhou, Hexi Corridor and other places dependent, the Qinghai Plateau is an important part of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the eastern He Qinghai area in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to the Loess Plateau transition zone. Therefore, as a unit of research, Qinghai is of typical significance. Geographical and historical scholars pay more attention to this special area and have rich academic achievements.