总结了溶剂的Lewis碱性标度研究的进展。介绍了各种标度的基本原理,特别着重介绍了80年代以来的新发展,其中包括量热标度的新进展;建立在单一参考酸(溶质)的紫外-可见光谱、红外、拉曼光谱和核磁共振谱等分子性质基础上的非量热标度;考虑到软硬酸碱原理的双重标度;考虑到电价作用和共价作用两者的多参数标度。比较和讨论了各种标度的优点、不足、适用范围和相互联系。提出了在目前研究水平上应用溶剂Lewis碱性标度的建议。 The progress of the Lewis basicity scale study of solvents was summarized. The basic principles of various scales are introduced, with particular emphasis on new developments since the 1980s, including new developments in calorimetric scales; UV-Vis, Raman spectra based on single reference acids (solute) And nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and other molecular properties based on the non-calorimetric scale; taking into account the double scale of the hard and soft acid-base principle; taking into account the role of both the price and covalent role of multi-parameter scaling. The advantages, deficiencies, scopes and interrelationships of various scales are compared and discussed. A suggestion was made to apply the basic Lewis solvent scale to the current research level.