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目的从生物力学角度探讨操纵杆位置对于机动飞行时操控工效的影响。方法建立完整的人-椅系统有限元模型,该模型包括多体动力学假人、弹射座椅、约束系统以及惯性锁强制机构。对模型施加不同方向的加速度载荷,从生物力学的角度对比研究不同位置的操纵杆以及不同大小的椅背角对飞行员操控工效的影响。结果相比于中央操纵杆加17°椅背角,侧位操纵杆加30°椅背角能使得飞行员在加速度场中产生较小的躯干位移以及较小的手部惯性力。结论在机动飞行过程中,侧位操纵杆和较小的椅背角均有利于飞行员获得较好的操控工效,从而减小安全隐患。
Objective To explore the effect of joystick position on maneuvering efficiency during maneuvering from the perspective of biomechanics. Methods A complete human-chair system finite element model was established. The model consisted of multi-body dynamic dummy, ejection seat, restraint system and inertial locking mechanism. The acceleration loads applied in different directions are applied to the model. The biomechanical effects of the joysticks with different positions and the different sizes of the seatback on the pilot’s ergonomics are compared. Results Compared to the central joystick plus a 17 ° seatback angle, the side joystick plus a 30 ° seatback angle caused the pilot to experience less torso displacement and less hand inertia in the acceleration field. Conclusions During the maneuver flight, the side joystick and the smaller backrest are conducive to pilots to get better control work efficiency, thus reducing the potential safety hazard.