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肾脏的足细胞及其间的裂孔隔膜(SD)构成了阻止蛋白丢失的最后屏障,与蛋白尿的形成密切相关。B7-1是一种协同刺激分子,主要表达于抗原呈递细胞(APC)表面,与其特异的受体(CD28/CTLA4)结合,促进T细胞的活化、增殖。最近研究发现,B7-1在一定的病理条件下表达于足细胞表面,导致细胞骨架肌动蛋白的重排、足突融合及裂孔隔膜蛋白分子重新分布,参与蛋白尿的发病机制。
The podocytes of the kidney and the septum disk (SD) between them form the final barrier that prevents protein loss, and are closely related to the formation of proteinuria. B7-1 is a costimulatory molecule that is mainly expressed on the surface of antigen presenting cells (APCs) and binds to its specific receptor (CD28 / CTLA4) to promote T cell activation and proliferation. Recently, it was found that B7-1 is expressed on the surface of podocytes under certain pathological conditions, resulting in the rearrangement of cytoskeletal actin, the fusion of podocytes and the distribution of split-diaphragm proteins, and is involved in the pathogenesis of proteinuria.