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采用大田试验,以寒地水稻为研究对象,分析试验区2011—2014年气温和太阳辐射,比较不同年份间温光条件差异,探讨温光条件与水稻干物质积累、源库光合特征、产量及其构成之间的关系。结果表明:生育期内日活动积温利用率和日有效积温利用率呈逐年增加的趋势,而太阳辐射呈逐年降低的趋势,其中灌浆期太阳辐射强度以2014年居高;生育期内日活动积温和日有效积温及其利用率、抽穗后日平均太阳辐射强度与粒数、结实率、千粒重以及产量显著或极显著正相关;生育期内活动积温与产量(R~2=0.69)、生物产量(R~2=0.49)、抽穗期茎鞘干质量(R~2=0.74)及粒叶比(R~2=0.34)、收获指数(R~2=0.63)、群体生长速率(R~2=0.78)和净同化率(R~2=0.73)均呈二次函数关系,且拟合效果均达极显著水平,而与叶面积指数呈极显著正相关关系(R=0.80)。
Field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of temperature and light on the accumulation of dry matter in paddy rice, photosynthetic characteristics of source and sink, and the effects of temperature and light on the photosynthesis, The relationship between its composition. The results showed that daily activity utilization rate and daily effective accumulated temperature utilization rate increased gradually year by year while the solar radiation showed a trend of decreasing year by year. The intensity of solar radiation in filling stage was the highest in 2014. During the growth period, And daily effective accumulated temperature and their utilization rate. The daily mean solar radiation intensity after heading was significantly or very significantly positively correlated with the grain number, seed setting rate, 1000-grain weight and yield. The accumulated temperature and yield (R ~ 2 = 0.69) (R ~ 2 = 0.49), stem and sheath dry weight (R ~ 2 = 0.74), grain-leaf ratio (R ~ 2 = 0.34), harvest index (R ~ 2 = 0.63), population growth rate = 0.78) and the net assimilation rate (R ~ 2 = 0.73) showed a quadratic function, and the fitting effect reached the extremely significant level, but had a significant positive correlation with leaf area index (R = 0.80).