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我们研究出了一个高炉热风炉数学模型,应用它可以说明限制热风温度的因素,应用它会帮助提高热风温度和改进热风炉操作。这个程序是在分析了已往热风炉仿真试验著作、特别是A.J.Willmott(1、2、3)的著作之后研究出来的。这个模型除了蓄热室部分之外,还包括热风炉燃烧室和拱顶部分。该模型组成了包括不同格砖层的热风炉,也考虑了从热风炉到大气的热损失的影响。这个模型能够控制气体流量变化,以模拟固定风温操作以及使用过剩空气作为控制拱顶温度的手段。火焰温度子程序使模型可以使用各种不同成分的燃烧煤气,这个子程序还许可在燃烧周期改变煤气与空气的比例以帮助模拟过剩空气状态。已经用这个模型对国家钢铁公司全部热风炉作了试验,结果表明模型准确地予测了热风炉温度。计算的拱顶温度和烟道温度也显示出同实际操作情况很好地吻合。这个模型在广范操作条件下取得了令人满意的结果。在一些课题上已经应用了这个高炉热风炉模型,这些课题包括现有设备的操作、改变操作方法以提高现有的热风温度以及为了进一步提高热风炉性能而进行的热风炉装置的设计。
We have developed a mathematic model of a blast furnace that can be used to illustrate the factors that limit the temperature of the hot blast, which, when applied, can help to increase hot blast temperature and improve hot blast stove operation. This procedure was developed after an analysis of past work on hot stove simulations, in particular A.J. Millmott (1, 2, 3). This model, in addition to the regenerator section, includes the stove combustor and the dome section. The model consists of hot blast stoves with different layers of bricks and also considers the effects of heat loss from the hot stove to the atmosphere. This model controls changes in gas flow to simulate fixed-air operation and the use of excess air as a means of controlling the vault temperature. The flame temperature subroutine allows the model to use combustion gases of various compositions and this subroutine also permits the gas-to-air ratio to be changed during the combustion cycle to help simulate excess air conditions. This model has been used to test all state-owned hot-blast stoves. The results show that the model accurately predicts the hot stove temperature. The calculated vault temperature and flue temperature also showed good agreement with the actual operating conditions. This model achieved satisfactory results under a wide range of operating conditions. This blast furnace hot stove model has been used on a number of topics including the operation of existing equipment, changing operating methods to increase existing hot blast temperatures, and design of hot blast stoves to further improve hot blast stove performance.