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目的:探讨早产儿呼吸暂停的相关因素、病因分布以及氨茶碱的临床疗效。方法:对132例早产儿呼吸暂停情况进行回顾性分析,根据不同胎龄、出生体重、首次发生呼吸暂停的日龄进行分组。结果:胎龄越小,出生体重越低,呼吸暂停发生率越高,各组比较有显著性差异(χ2≥25.58,P<0.005)。首次发作以生后7天内多见,高峰在生后24 h内,原发性呼吸暂停生后2~7天多发,继发性可发生于任何日龄,继发性病因中呼吸系统疾病占首位。氨茶碱治疗有效率为84.78%,无严重不良反应。结论:防治早产儿呼吸暂停应从出生后立即开始,对高危早产儿进行连续监测,早发现、早干预,降低早产儿呼吸暂停的发生率。
Objective: To investigate the related factors of apnea, etiological distribution and the clinical efficacy of aminophylline in preterm infants. Methods: A retrospective analysis of apnea in 132 premature infants was made according to different gestational age, birth weight and age of first episode of apnea. Results: The smaller the gestational age, the lower the birth weight, the higher the incidence of apnea. There was a significant difference between the two groups (χ2≥25.58, P <0.005). The first attack is more common within 7 days after birth, peak within 24 h after birth, primary apnea occurring 2 to 7 days after birth, secondary can occur at any age, secondary causes of respiratory diseases accounted for first place. Aminophylline treatment efficiency was 84.78%, no serious adverse reactions. Conclusion: The prophylaxis and treatment of apnea in premature infants should be started immediately after birth. Continuous monitoring of premature infants with high risk, early detection and early intervention should be carried out to reduce the incidence of apnea in premature infants.