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目的为提高我国流行性感冒(流感)监测能力,做好应对流感大流行的准备。方法分析和评价现有流感相关监测系统信息收集和实验室检测能力的现状和需求。结果我国6个流感相关监测系统以疾病三间分布信息为主。经初步推算,国家级流感哨点监测系统覆盖人口数和覆盖率分别为2 693万和2.30%,流感样病例的采样率为1.75%,实验室确诊率为0.13%。实验室检测能力地区间差异明显,23个省(自治区、直辖市,下同)流感实验室年均病毒分离率7.74%,65.17%的省<10%。结论加强流感相关监测系统间的信息互补,将国家级流感哨点医院人口覆盖率扩大至5%,补充农村哨点医院,实现临床-病毒学信息一体化,并启动新毒株危险性评估以及疾病负担研究等工作。
Objective To improve the surveillance ability of influenza in our country and prepare for the influenza pandemic. Methods Analyze and evaluate the current status and needs of information gathering and laboratory testing capabilities of current influenza-related surveillance systems. Results Six influenza-related surveillance systems in our country mainly focused on the distribution of the three diseases. After preliminary calculation, the population and coverage of the national influenza sentinel surveillance system were respectively 26,330,000 and 2.30%. The sampling rate of influenza-like illness cases was 1.75% and the laboratory diagnosis rate was 0.13%. Significant differences were found in laboratory testing capacity. The average annual virus isolation rate in influenza laboratories was 7.74% in 23 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) and <10% in 65.17% of the provinces. Conclusion Strengthened information complementarity among influenza-related surveillance systems, expanded the coverage of national-level sentinel hospitals to 5%, supplemented rural sentinel hospitals, integrated clinical-virological information and initiated risk assessment of new strains and Burden of disease research.