利用两个小麦-黑麦异源双代换系DS 5A／5R与DS 6A／6R杂交,探讨同祖染色体配对的可能性与创制小麦黑麦异源易能系。在方法上对杂种F1的减数分裂行为进行研究,观察5R与5A、6R与6A配对频率,探讨同祖染色体配对规律。实验结果看到:杂交F1减数分裂中有22．91％的花粉母细胞有小麦染色体(ABD组)与黑麦染色体(R组)发生同祖配对。在F2及以后世代,通过染色体C分带、原位杂交检测,选择小麦-黑麦易位系。在F2代的4株中5检测到9株有易位,易位频率为20％,是目前小麦-黑麦染色体易位频率最高的。染色体易位有的来源于不同祖配对的交换,有的来源于单价体错分裂或断裂的重建。 Two wheat-rye alloplasmic hybrids DS 5A / 5R were crossed with DS 6A / 6R to explore the possibility of pairing with ancestral chromosomes and to create a heterologous system of wheat rye. In this paper, the meiosis behavior of hybrid F1 was studied. The paired frequencies of 5R, 5A, 6R and 6A were observed to explore the pairing rules of homoeologous chromosomes. The results showed that 22.91% of pollen mother cells in F1 hybrids had the same-ancestor pairing with the rye chromosome (R group) in the wheat chromosome (ABD group). At F2 and later generations, the wheat-rye translocation line was selected by chromosome C banding and in situ hybridization. Among 4 F2 strains, 9 strains were found to have translocations with a frequency of 20%, which is the highest frequency of wheat-rye chromosome translocation. Some chromosomal translocation originates from the exchange of different ancestral pairing, some from the reconstruction of monovalent body-parted or ruptured.