流域生态水文模型是全球变化下流域生态水文响应研究的重要工具,通过定量刻画植被与水文过程的相互作用及全球变化对流域生态水文过程演变的影响机制,为流域水资源管理和生态恢复提供科学支撑,是生态水文研究的前沿和热点。基于植被与水文过程相互作用规律,流域生态水文模型一方面要充分描述植被与水文过程相互作用和互为反馈机制,另一方面要精确刻画流域的空间异质性。本文在分析流域尺度陆地植被与水文过程相互作用特点的基础上,将现有流域生态水文模型进行归纳和分类,剖析不同类型模型的优缺点,并总结现有模型应用的代表性研究成果,最后,对流域生态水文模型存在的关键问题(如植被与水文相互作用机制的描述、模型参数的估计、模拟结果的不确定性分析等)进行讨论。 The basin eco-hydrological model is an important tool for the study of eco-hydrological response in watersheds under global change. It provides a scientific basis for quantifying the interaction between vegetation and hydrological processes and the impact of global changes on the evolution of eco-hydrological processes in the basin, Support is the frontier and hot point of ecological hydrology research. Based on the law of interaction between vegetation and hydrological processes, the basin hydrological model should fully describe the interaction and interaction between vegetation and hydrological processes on the one hand, and on the other hand, accurately describe the spatial heterogeneity of watershed. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of the interaction between terrestrial vegetation and hydrological process at basin scale, this paper summarizes and classifies the existing hydrological models, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of different types of models, and summarizes the representative research results of the existing models. Finally, , Discussed the key problems (such as the description of vegetation-hydrological interaction mechanism, the estimation of model parameters, the uncertainty analysis of simulation results, etc.) of the basin’s eco-hydrological model.