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应变测量在力学测试中是一种最基础的测量技术。利用它,可以测量出在不同荷载作用下,材料、构件,或某种结构体系中所观察部位的相对变形,即应变(ε=△L/L),进而计算出内部的应力分布。以便掌握被测对象所处的工作状态;通过模型实验,可以获取所需的结构参数,为设计方案提供依据;通过实地测试,可以了解现有结构物的实际工作状况;作为监控手段,还可以实施险情报警。因此,应变测量几乎与所有的工程学科,都有着广泛的联系。
Strain measurement is one of the most basic measurement techniques in mechanical testing. Using it, we can measure the relative deformation, ie strain (ε = △ L / L) of the observed parts under different loads, materials, components, or some kind of structural system, and then calculate the internal stress distribution. In order to master the working state of the object under test; through the model experiment, the required structural parameters can be obtained to provide a basis for the design scheme; the field test can be used to understand the actual working conditions of the existing structures; as a monitoring method, Implementation of danger alarm. As a result, strain measurements are broadly related to almost all engineering disciplines.