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人们往往容易忽视金融危机与美元充当世界货币之间的关系。由于美元执行世界货币职能,所以,美国享有世界“铸币税”和“过度特权”等福利。更重要的是,一方面,世界货币不应该由一种国家或民族的货币来承担;另一方面,世界货币发行可以利用货币特权从发展中国家那里获取收益。所以,有关国际货币改革的呼声一直未曾间断。但是,目前所使用的特别提款权与实际意义上的国际货币还是存在很大的差异,因此,扩大特别提款权的作用并不是国际货币改革的关键。
It is often easy to overlook the relationship between the financial crisis and the dollar’s role as a world currency. As the United States dollar performs the function of world currency, the United States enjoys the benefits of “seigniorage” and “over privilege” in the world. More importantly, on the one hand, the world currency should not be borne by the currency of one country or nation; on the other hand, the world currency issue can take advantage of monetary privileges to obtain profits from the developing countries. Therefore, the voice of the international monetary reform has not been interrupted. However, there is still a big difference between the current SDRs and the actual international currencies. Therefore, expanding the role of the SDRs is not the key to the reform of the international monetary system.