论文部分内容阅读
摘 要：水庫安全是事关人民群众生命财产安全的大事，引用各种新科技确保水库安全成为水利战线工作者与时俱进思考的课题。目前广西区小型水库中近乎一半存在安全隐患。随着我国北斗卫星导航系统的逐步成形，使其低成本运用到各个领域成为可能。也为水利系统水库大坝安全监测提供了新的技术手段。长时间运用人工的传统测控方法正在被更高精度的卫星定位系统取代。本文正是依托北斗系统在广西区水库大坝中的运用进行了初步探讨。
关键词：大坝；险情；监测；保障；推广；
Beidou system monitoring application in reservoir and dam in our district
Huang Zongqi
guangxi water conservancy electric power group co.， LTDGuangxi nanning 533000
Abstract： the reservoir safety is a matter of people's lives and property safety， refer to all kinds of new technology to ensure that the reservoir safety be water front worker keep pace with The Times thinking subject.Currently GuangXi District small reservoirs in nearly half pose a safety hazard.With China's beidou satellite navigation system， gradually forming the low cost applied to various fields become possible.Also for water conservancy system of dam safety monitoring provides a new technical means.For a long time the traditional method of measurement and control using artificial is replaced by the higher precision of satellite positioning system.This article is based on the application of beidou system in GuangXi District reservoir dam has carried on the preliminary discussion.
Keywords： dam risk monitoring to ensure promotion
文章编号：1674-3520（2015）-12-00-01
A huge number of small reservoirs in China is a very wide distribution.Due to historical reasons， 40% of the dilapidated reservoirs with various hidden dangers， the security situation is extremely serious.No water and reservoir dam and its affiliated building basic safety monitoring facilities such as worker mood；Over the past 50 years in our country small and medium-sized reservoir dam failure events accounted for 96.4%， the monitoring data fully illustrated the importance and necessity of small reservoirs safety.
The small reservoirs in China safety status quo investigation and countermeasure research report pointed out that GuangXi District 4126 reached 2083 dilapidated small reservoirs in the reservoir， reservoir seepage path rate high， leading to some parts of the danger.Such as July 4， 2009 in guangxi luo kama reservoir dam in danger；On June 8， 2010 guests ling jiang town city xing bing district good mouth dam collapse crater appears danger；On June 20， 2010 guilin quanzhou force discharge pipe is above the bottom of the pond reservoir dam collapse hole in danger；The latest in early September this year， the baise tianlin township prosperous survey a reservoir dam emergency.The danger that the real-time monitoring the importance and necessity of small reservoir dam deformation.Nowadays with the rapid development of economy of reservoir downstream， the reservoir dam safety risk is getting bigger and bigger， so the small reservoir dam deformation monitoring and risk management is particularly important. A， our district dam displacement monitoring the following deficiencies：
1， low degree of automation
At present， most of the reservoir displacement deformation and ours by artificial view on a regular basis.But due to error of observation instruments， artificial reading error， data accuracy， low reliability， is not conducive to dam deformation hidden danger in time；
2， poor timeliness
Because human observation affected by external factors， more bad weather such as rain， fog， cannot normal observation， night can not timely access to a sufficient number of continuous observation data to deformation of the dam safety state timely and effectively to master， especially in flood season of a colossal security hidden danger.
3， lack of unified planning
Now part of the qualified dam automatic monitoring system has been installed， due to the time of construction， construction of the main body， construction units and the structure of the software is different， so the related reservoir management automation monitoring data cannot connectivity and data sharing.
Second， the dam displacement monitoring way of development
In June， 2013， issued by the ministry of water resources the notice on strengthening reservoir dam safety inspection work to strengthen the dam safety monitoring work put forward specific requirements， requirements gradually high-tech GPS deformation monitoring are used to replace the traditional deformation monitoring.
The traditional deformation monitoring is to establish a control network in monitoring area， using high precision total station as the main means， choose high grade point in the network to establish a unified benchmark， the monitoring network with reliable method accuracy and the different parts of independent benchmark test， will each part of the independent benchmark DaoChui， is vertical， such as wire monitoring system， form the whole monitoring network system.Require high accuracy and reliability of the monitoring network， the observation period， high cost， and need a lot of manpower material resources.GPS deformation monitoring， the domestic some GPS monitoring of large DAMS are introduced into the United States， but the application of high cost， difficult to apply to the small reservoirs.
China's beidou satellite navigation system （BDS） is developed by the global satellite navigation system.Is the U.S. global positioning system （GPS）， Russia's GLONASS navigation satellite system （GLONASS） after the third mature satellite navigation and positioning system.Have all-weather， automatic， high precision， short delay， strong real-time performance， test point between reference station and don't need visibility significantly advantage.At present， the beidou system has begun to take shape， but also gradually entered the civil implementation stage， its cost than the most widely used GPS system is greatly reduced， make its application to the safety of the dam deformation monitoring become a reality and possibility.For our district to realize key dilapidated regulation of reservoir dam deformation monitoring， realize the hidden danger point in the reservoir dam monitoring data sharing， sharing， a total of prevention， strengthen the government departments to the reservoir safety regulation ability， information comprehensive analysis and early warning capability has epoch-making significance. Three， the beidou system （BDS） how to implement in dam displacement monitoring
We know that the reservoir dam deformation is very slow， to tiny deformation， through the observation of the whole structure statistical analysis model， to predict deformation of long-term trends， provide the basis for later analysis and decision.For deformation analysis， it is necessary to obtain monitoring accuracy coordinates data， usually require monitoring observation data to achieve the precision of millimeter， this is a key problem of dam deformation observation.Beidou used in shannxi province stability monitoring， building deformation observation point is often in the typical area， in the far distance monitoring place （such as solid bedrock） to establish a reference point.In benchmark set up beidou receiver， according to its high accuracy of the known three-dimensional coordinates， after a few period of observation to get deformation point coordinates （or baseline） changes in real-time transmit data， and constantly update， establish a safety monitoring model， to achieve the purpose of monitoring.Such not only can solve the technical problems and reduce the manpower， and can also create objective economic and social benefits， big dipper is the development trend of monitoring technology in the field of reservoir monitoring.
To sum up， the beidou system monitoring system （BDS）， such as in promoting guangxi water conservancy system， will be in the reservoir dam deformation monitoring data such as data acquisition and management， for the supervision department of the government， under the jurisdiction of shannxi province safety management and emergency emergency command provides the data security and technical support；To improve the management level of the relevant units， grasps the dilapidated reservoir safe operation；For the industrial application of beidou satellite navigation system， refinement of the big dipper industrialization be born has a positive economic and social benefits， are of important significance.
关键词：大坝；险情；监测；保障；推广；
Beidou system monitoring application in reservoir and dam in our district
Huang Zongqi
guangxi water conservancy electric power group co.， LTDGuangxi nanning 533000
Abstract： the reservoir safety is a matter of people's lives and property safety， refer to all kinds of new technology to ensure that the reservoir safety be water front worker keep pace with The Times thinking subject.Currently GuangXi District small reservoirs in nearly half pose a safety hazard.With China's beidou satellite navigation system， gradually forming the low cost applied to various fields become possible.Also for water conservancy system of dam safety monitoring provides a new technical means.For a long time the traditional method of measurement and control using artificial is replaced by the higher precision of satellite positioning system.This article is based on the application of beidou system in GuangXi District reservoir dam has carried on the preliminary discussion.
Keywords： dam risk monitoring to ensure promotion
文章编号：1674-3520（2015）-12-00-01
A huge number of small reservoirs in China is a very wide distribution.Due to historical reasons， 40% of the dilapidated reservoirs with various hidden dangers， the security situation is extremely serious.No water and reservoir dam and its affiliated building basic safety monitoring facilities such as worker mood；Over the past 50 years in our country small and medium-sized reservoir dam failure events accounted for 96.4%， the monitoring data fully illustrated the importance and necessity of small reservoirs safety.
The small reservoirs in China safety status quo investigation and countermeasure research report pointed out that GuangXi District 4126 reached 2083 dilapidated small reservoirs in the reservoir， reservoir seepage path rate high， leading to some parts of the danger.Such as July 4， 2009 in guangxi luo kama reservoir dam in danger；On June 8， 2010 guests ling jiang town city xing bing district good mouth dam collapse crater appears danger；On June 20， 2010 guilin quanzhou force discharge pipe is above the bottom of the pond reservoir dam collapse hole in danger；The latest in early September this year， the baise tianlin township prosperous survey a reservoir dam emergency.The danger that the real-time monitoring the importance and necessity of small reservoir dam deformation.Nowadays with the rapid development of economy of reservoir downstream， the reservoir dam safety risk is getting bigger and bigger， so the small reservoir dam deformation monitoring and risk management is particularly important. A， our district dam displacement monitoring the following deficiencies：
1， low degree of automation
At present， most of the reservoir displacement deformation and ours by artificial view on a regular basis.But due to error of observation instruments， artificial reading error， data accuracy， low reliability， is not conducive to dam deformation hidden danger in time；
2， poor timeliness
Because human observation affected by external factors， more bad weather such as rain， fog， cannot normal observation， night can not timely access to a sufficient number of continuous observation data to deformation of the dam safety state timely and effectively to master， especially in flood season of a colossal security hidden danger.
3， lack of unified planning
Now part of the qualified dam automatic monitoring system has been installed， due to the time of construction， construction of the main body， construction units and the structure of the software is different， so the related reservoir management automation monitoring data cannot connectivity and data sharing.
Second， the dam displacement monitoring way of development
In June， 2013， issued by the ministry of water resources the notice on strengthening reservoir dam safety inspection work to strengthen the dam safety monitoring work put forward specific requirements， requirements gradually high-tech GPS deformation monitoring are used to replace the traditional deformation monitoring.
The traditional deformation monitoring is to establish a control network in monitoring area， using high precision total station as the main means， choose high grade point in the network to establish a unified benchmark， the monitoring network with reliable method accuracy and the different parts of independent benchmark test， will each part of the independent benchmark DaoChui， is vertical， such as wire monitoring system， form the whole monitoring network system.Require high accuracy and reliability of the monitoring network， the observation period， high cost， and need a lot of manpower material resources.GPS deformation monitoring， the domestic some GPS monitoring of large DAMS are introduced into the United States， but the application of high cost， difficult to apply to the small reservoirs.
China's beidou satellite navigation system （BDS） is developed by the global satellite navigation system.Is the U.S. global positioning system （GPS）， Russia's GLONASS navigation satellite system （GLONASS） after the third mature satellite navigation and positioning system.Have all-weather， automatic， high precision， short delay， strong real-time performance， test point between reference station and don't need visibility significantly advantage.At present， the beidou system has begun to take shape， but also gradually entered the civil implementation stage， its cost than the most widely used GPS system is greatly reduced， make its application to the safety of the dam deformation monitoring become a reality and possibility.For our district to realize key dilapidated regulation of reservoir dam deformation monitoring， realize the hidden danger point in the reservoir dam monitoring data sharing， sharing， a total of prevention， strengthen the government departments to the reservoir safety regulation ability， information comprehensive analysis and early warning capability has epoch-making significance. Three， the beidou system （BDS） how to implement in dam displacement monitoring
We know that the reservoir dam deformation is very slow， to tiny deformation， through the observation of the whole structure statistical analysis model， to predict deformation of long-term trends， provide the basis for later analysis and decision.For deformation analysis， it is necessary to obtain monitoring accuracy coordinates data， usually require monitoring observation data to achieve the precision of millimeter， this is a key problem of dam deformation observation.Beidou used in shannxi province stability monitoring， building deformation observation point is often in the typical area， in the far distance monitoring place （such as solid bedrock） to establish a reference point.In benchmark set up beidou receiver， according to its high accuracy of the known three-dimensional coordinates， after a few period of observation to get deformation point coordinates （or baseline） changes in real-time transmit data， and constantly update， establish a safety monitoring model， to achieve the purpose of monitoring.Such not only can solve the technical problems and reduce the manpower， and can also create objective economic and social benefits， big dipper is the development trend of monitoring technology in the field of reservoir monitoring.
To sum up， the beidou system monitoring system （BDS）， such as in promoting guangxi water conservancy system， will be in the reservoir dam deformation monitoring data such as data acquisition and management， for the supervision department of the government， under the jurisdiction of shannxi province safety management and emergency emergency command provides the data security and technical support；To improve the management level of the relevant units， grasps the dilapidated reservoir safe operation；For the industrial application of beidou satellite navigation system， refinement of the big dipper industrialization be born has a positive economic and social benefits， are of important significance.