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目的了解当前我国高校民航飞行学员体质健康状况及存在问题,为制定提高飞行学员体质健康干预措施提供依据。方法运用体质测量法对632名南京航空航天大学一、二、三年级飞行学员的身体形态、生理功能和身体素质进行体质测量,并对所测数据运用SPSS 16.0统计学软件进行检验分析,检验结果与现役飞行员南京航空航天大学数据进行比较分析。结果一、二、三年级飞行学员和飞行员视力指标分别为5.02±1.12、5.07±2.04、5.01±2.27、5.11±0.48,与飞行员差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),其他身体形态和生理功能各项指标的差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05);反应时分别为(0.63±0.17)、(0.58±0.04)、(0.51±0.03)、(0.43±0.07)s,前庭耐力分别为(9.2±0.3)、(12.1±1.7)、(14.5±2.9)、(16.7±0.4)min,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);其他各项身体素质之间差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论随着对民航飞行员视力标准要求的降低,各年级飞行学员视力有所降低,部分飞行学员反应时和前庭耐力差,是导致其不能成为飞行员的主要障碍,学校训练课时练习方法应多采用模拟与实际飞行中出现的问题相关联的练习科目。
Objective To understand the physical health status and existing problems of civil aviation flight students in colleges and universities in our country and to provide the basis for making interventions to improve the physical health of flight students. Methods The body shape, physiological function and physical fitness of 632 flight students in Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics were measured by physique method. The measured data were analyzed by SPSS 16.0 statistical software. The test results Compared with the Data of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronaut Pilot. Results The visual acuity indexes of the first, second and third grade pilots and pilots were 5.02 ± 1.12, 5.07 ± 2.04, 5.01 ± 2.27 and 5.11 ± 0.48, respectively, which were significantly different from those of pilots (P <0.01). Other body shapes and physiological functions (0.63 ± 0.17), (0.58 ± 0.04), (0.51 ± 0.03), (0.43 ± 0.07) s respectively, and the vestibular endurance were (9.2 ± 0.3, 12.1 ± 1.7, 14.5 ± 2.9 and 16.7 ± 0.4, respectively, with statistical significance (P <0.01). There was no significant difference in other physical fitness (P> 0.05). Conclusions With the reduction of visual standards requirements for civil aviation pilots, the visual acuity of pilots in all grades is reduced. Some pilots react poorly and the vestibular endurance is poor, which is the main obstacle that can lead them to become pilots. Practice subjects associated with problems that occur in actual flight.