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[目的]了解昆明地区居民糖尿病(DM)患病现状及其特征,探讨糖尿病预防控制策略。[方法]采用多阶段随机抽样方法,随机抽取20岁及以上常住居民5381人,进行糖尿病流行病学调查,包括问卷调查、体格检查和临床检验,调查居民糖尿病患病情况及其危险因素情况。[结果]调查人群糖尿病患病率为5.76%,按2007年昆明市城乡居民人口构成进行标化,昆明地区20岁及以上人群糖尿病标化患病率为3.99%;其中,男性患病率为6.30%(标化率为3.99%),女性患病率为5.44%(标化率为3.69%),男女性患病率间差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.620,P=0.203),不同人群患病率存在差异,主要受年龄、职业、文化程度、经济条件和体重指数的影响。[结论]应根据昆明市不同类型人群特点,开展糖尿病健康教育和预防控制工作。
[Objective] To understand the prevalence and characteristics of diabetes mellitus (DM) in Kunming area and explore the strategy of diabetes prevention and control. [Methods] The multi-stage random sampling method was used to randomly select 5381 residents aged 20 and above for epidemiological survey of diabetes mellitus, including questionnaires, physical examinations and clinical tests. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus and its risk factors were investigated. [Results] The prevalence of diabetes was 5.76% in the investigated population, which was standardized according to the population composition of urban and rural residents in Kunming City in 2007. The prevalence of diabetes standardized in people aged 20 years and over in Kunming was 3.99%. Among them, the prevalence of male was 6.30% (standardized rate of 3.99%), the prevalence rate of female was 5.44% (standardized rate was 3.69%), there was no significant difference between male and female prevalence (χ2 = 1.620, P = 0.203) There are differences in prevalence, mainly by age, occupation, education, economic conditions and body mass index. [Conclusions] Diabetes health education and prevention and control should be carried out according to the characteristics of different types of people in Kunming.