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(A)走进Mr Wang之“祈使句课堂”
◆知识网络：祈使句是表示请求、命令、邀请、劝告或叮嘱等的句子，句子主语不在句中出现。祈使句即以动词开头，该动词应使用其原形。例如：
Please do as I told you. 请按我说的做。
为了强调，主语you有时也会使用。例如：
Jim, you clean the blackboard. The others clean the doors and windows. 吉姆，你擦黑板，其余的人擦门窗。
◆句式结构：
★肯定式
祈使句的肯定结构有：
1．由行为动词引导
Remember to turn off the light when you leave. 离开时记得关灯。
2．由be引导
Be careful when crossing the road. 过马路时要小心。
3．由let引导
Let’s stop to have a rest. 我们停下来休息一下吧。
★否定式
祈使句的否定结构有两种：
1．在动词原形前加don’t。例如：
Don’t look out of the window, please. 请不要向窗外看。
2．Let’s+not+动词原形。例如：
Let’s not play computer games. 我们别玩电脑游戏了。
★附加问句的构成
祈使句后的附加问句多表示请求、建议，不论祈使句是肯定的还是否定的，附加问句均可用will you构成。但由let’s引导的祈使句后则使用shall we。例如：
Let us do the work by ourselves, will you?
Don’t be angry with my little sister, will you?
Let’s go to the farther island, shall we?
★强调结构有时为了表示强调，可以在祈使句前加do。例如：
Do be careful. 务必小心。
Do remember to send an e-mail to me. 一定记着给我发个电子邮件。
◆巩固练习：
1) 将下列汉语翻译成英语。
1. 请照看好您的包。 ___________________.
2. 让我们去学校吧! ___________________!
3. 亲爱的,高兴点儿! ___________________!
4. 不要把书放这儿。 ___________________.
5. 不要让猫进来。 ___________________.
2)单项选择。
1. ____ make any noise here. The baby is sleeping.
A. Not B. Don’t C. No D. Do
2. ____ computer, shall we?
A. Let’s to play B. Let’s play
C. Let play D. Let to play
3. Let’s go and play basketball, ____?
A. shall we B. will you C. shall us D. will us
4. Don’t close the window, ____?
A. will we B. shall we C. will you D. shall you
5. ____ when you do your homework.
A. Be care B. Careful C. Is careful D. Be careful
(B)可数名词与不可数名词“对抗赛”
英语中的名词有可数与不可数之分，他们俩常常为自己在同学们心目中的地位发生争执，今天他们要举行一次“对抗赛”，精彩内容，不容错过噢！
★身份之争
可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。如：a book, two books, a bus, threebuses。
不可数名词只有单数形式。如：bread, tea, water, juice, milk。
★与冠词的关系
可数名词有单复数形式，可以直接用不定冠词a/an或基数词来修饰。如：I am a student. I have two books.
不可数名词没有复数形式，不能用不定冠词或数词直接修饰。如:不能说a tea, two breads。
★修饰语的异同
可数名词可以直接用具体的数词来修饰。如：three trees, five buses等。可数名词还可以用some, any, few, a few, many, a lot of来修饰复数可数名词。如：some girls, a few friends, many pears。
不可数名词不能用数词直接修饰，但可以用some, any, little, a little, much, a lot of来修饰。如：some milk, a little tea, a lot of food。不可数名词表示确切的数量时，用“数词＋表示量的名词＋of＋不可数名词”结构，若表示复数，只把of前表量的名词变为复数。如：a cup of tea, two glasses of orange juice。
★与“多少”的缘份
可数名词天生就与how many有缘，而且how many后只跟名词的复数。如：How many people are there in your family? How many books do you have?对不可数名词前的修饰语提问，要视具体情况而定。若对不可数名词前的全部修饰语提问，疑问词用how much。如：
I want two cups of tea. →How much tea do you want?
若对不可数名词前表示数量的名词提问，疑问词用how many。如：
They want two cups of tea. →How many cups of tea do they want?
★作主语时谓语的表现
可数名词作主语，谓语动词的单复数形式要看主语的脸色行事。单个的单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；多个单数名词或复数名词作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。如：
Jim comes from England.
Lily and Lucy are twins.
The students are reading English books.
不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数，但是，当不可数名词前面有复数名词短语修饰时，谓语动词就要用复数。如：
There is some water in the glass.
There are three bottles of water on the table.
巩固练习:
一、用名词的适当形式填空。
1. The cat caught two ____(mouse) last night.
2. Jack went to have two ____(tooth) pulled out yesterday afternoon.
3. There is some ____(rice) in the bag.
4. There are two new ____(shelf) in my study.
5. The ____(German) are going to fly to Beijing for their holiday.
6. All these ____(thief) have been caught.
7. The P.E teacher gave me some ____(advice) on how to play soccer well.
8. Kate can’t walk now because she hurt her ____(foot) yesterday.
9. They built many ____(build) on Shanghai.
10. In the earthquake, lots of people lost their ____(life) in India.
二、单项选择。
1. ——Would you like ____ tea?
——No, thanks. I have drunk two ____.
A. any; bottles of orange juice
B. some; bottles of orange juice
C. many; bottles of oranges juice
D. few; bottle of oranges juice
2. There are a lot of ____ down there but hardly any ____.
A. sheeps; people B. sheep; people
C. sheeps; peoples D. sheep; peoples
3. Look!These ____ doctors are under the ____ trees.
A. woman; apple B. women; apples
C. woman; apples D. women; apple
4. This is James Allan Green. We can call him ____.
A. Mr. Green B. Mr. Allan
C. Mr. James D. James Green
5. On the table there are some ____ near the ____.
A. tomatoes; photos B. tomatos; photos
C. tomatos; photoes D. tomatoes; photoes
6. ——What can I do for you?
——I’d like some ____.
A. bottle of oranges juice B. bottle of orange juice
C. bottles of orange juice D. bottles of oranges juice
7. Mr. Johnson has a ____.
A. ten year old boy B. ten years old boy
C. boy of ten year old D. ten-year-old boy
8. Mum, I’m thirsty. Will you please give me some ____?
A. pencils B. cake C. water D. books
9. ——____ there ____ for me on the bus?
——No, it’s crowded.
A. Is, a room B. Are, any room C. Are, rooms D. Is, any room
10. My mother bought ____ for me yesterday.
A. a pair of glasses B. a pair of glass
C. a glasses D. glass
(C)攻克一般过去时
Hi! My dear friends. 我是一般过去时，在七年级我已经出现过。先来回顾一下吧！
本单元我们的主要任务是和大家一起学习动词过去式的构成及一般过去时的句型转换。Come on!
◆动词过去式的构成
实义动词的过去式分规则和不规则两种变化。规则动词过去式的变化，可归纳为以下四种形式：
1． 一般情况下在动词后直接加-ed。如：stay→stayed; look→looked。
2．以不发音字母e结尾的动词去掉e再加-ed。如：like→liked; love→loved。
3． 以重读闭音节结尾的动词且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写最后一个辅音字母再加-ed。如：shop→shopped; stop→stopped。
4．以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y为i，再加-ed。如：study→studied; carry→carried。
不规则动词的过去式请同学们注意总结。本单元出现的不规则动词的过去式有：
be→was/were; have/has→had; do/does→did; go→went; eat→ate; hang→hung; see→saw; buy→bought; win→won; get→got; meet→met; take→took; sleep→slept; come→came; put→put; read→read(注意read的原形和过去式的发音不同)
◆一般过去时的句型结构
1．be动词一般过去时句型结构
肯定句：主语+was/were+表语+其它成分。
否定句：主语+was/were+not+表语+其它成分。
一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+表语+其它成分？
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+was/were。
否定回答：No, 主语+wasn’t/weren’t。
2．行为动词的一般过去时句型结构
行为动词的一般过去时作谓语时没有人称和数的变化。
肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其它成分。
否定句：主语+didn’t+动词原形+其它成分。
一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其它成分？
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+did。
否定回答：No, 主语+didn’t。
3．一般过去时的特殊疑问句结构
1)疑问词在句中不充当主语时，句型结构为：疑问词+一般疑问句？
2)疑问词在句中充当主语时，句型结构为：疑问词+行为动词的过去式(或was/were+表语)+其它成分？
◆一般过去时的句型转换
1．实义动词作谓语的一般过去时句子变否定句，谓语动词改为“didn’t+动词原形”；变一般疑问句，助动词did提到句首，句中的动词要改为原形，句末用问号，肯定回答为：Yes, 主语+did；否定回答为：No, 主语+didn’t。
2．be动词的一般过去时，动词be的形式为was或were。肯定句变否定句直接在was或were后加not，而且was, were可与not缩写为wasn’t, weren’t；变一般疑问句将was或were提前到句首，句末用问号，肯定回答为：“Yes,…+was/were.；否定回答为：No,…+wasn’t/weren’t.”。
巩固练习：
一、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. He ____(not bring) us books yesterday.
2. Yesterday Mike and I ____(go) to the farm. We ____(carry) some
water for the old man. We ____(have) a good time there.
3. Some foreign friends ____(visit) your school three days ago. ____
they ____(ask) you any questions about your study?
4. The old man ____(live) in Shanghai in 2000.
5. ——When ____ your sister ____(do) her homework?
——She ____(do) it an hour ago.
6. When we ____(be) on holiday in Shenzhen last summer, we ____
(enjoy) ourselves there.
二、按要求改写下列句型。
1. I was at home this morning. (改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答)
——____ ____ at home this morning?
——____, ____ ____.
2. He did morning exercises in the morning. (改为否定句)
He ____ ____ ____ ____ in the morning.
3. They had a big dinner yesterday. (改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答)
——____ ____ ____ a big dinner yesterday?
——____, ____ ____.
4. Mr Wang went to America by plane. (对划线部分提问)
____ ____ Mr Wang ____ to America?
5. How did you like Shanghai? (改为同义句)
____ ____ ____ ____ ____ Shanghai?
Key(4)
◆知识网络：祈使句是表示请求、命令、邀请、劝告或叮嘱等的句子，句子主语不在句中出现。祈使句即以动词开头，该动词应使用其原形。例如：
Please do as I told you. 请按我说的做。
为了强调，主语you有时也会使用。例如：
Jim, you clean the blackboard. The others clean the doors and windows. 吉姆，你擦黑板，其余的人擦门窗。
◆句式结构：
★肯定式
祈使句的肯定结构有：
1．由行为动词引导
Remember to turn off the light when you leave. 离开时记得关灯。
2．由be引导
Be careful when crossing the road. 过马路时要小心。
3．由let引导
Let’s stop to have a rest. 我们停下来休息一下吧。
★否定式
祈使句的否定结构有两种：
1．在动词原形前加don’t。例如：
Don’t look out of the window, please. 请不要向窗外看。
2．Let’s+not+动词原形。例如：
Let’s not play computer games. 我们别玩电脑游戏了。
★附加问句的构成
祈使句后的附加问句多表示请求、建议，不论祈使句是肯定的还是否定的，附加问句均可用will you构成。但由let’s引导的祈使句后则使用shall we。例如：
Let us do the work by ourselves, will you?
Don’t be angry with my little sister, will you?
Let’s go to the farther island, shall we?
★强调结构有时为了表示强调，可以在祈使句前加do。例如：
Do be careful. 务必小心。
Do remember to send an e-mail to me. 一定记着给我发个电子邮件。
◆巩固练习：
1) 将下列汉语翻译成英语。
1. 请照看好您的包。 ___________________.
2. 让我们去学校吧! ___________________!
3. 亲爱的,高兴点儿! ___________________!
4. 不要把书放这儿。 ___________________.
5. 不要让猫进来。 ___________________.
2)单项选择。
1. ____ make any noise here. The baby is sleeping.
A. Not B. Don’t C. No D. Do
2. ____ computer, shall we?
A. Let’s to play B. Let’s play
C. Let play D. Let to play
3. Let’s go and play basketball, ____?
A. shall we B. will you C. shall us D. will us
4. Don’t close the window, ____?
A. will we B. shall we C. will you D. shall you
5. ____ when you do your homework.
A. Be care B. Careful C. Is careful D. Be careful
(B)可数名词与不可数名词“对抗赛”
英语中的名词有可数与不可数之分，他们俩常常为自己在同学们心目中的地位发生争执，今天他们要举行一次“对抗赛”，精彩内容，不容错过噢！
★身份之争
可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。如：a book, two books, a bus, threebuses。
不可数名词只有单数形式。如：bread, tea, water, juice, milk。
★与冠词的关系
可数名词有单复数形式，可以直接用不定冠词a/an或基数词来修饰。如：I am a student. I have two books.
不可数名词没有复数形式，不能用不定冠词或数词直接修饰。如:不能说a tea, two breads。
★修饰语的异同
可数名词可以直接用具体的数词来修饰。如：three trees, five buses等。可数名词还可以用some, any, few, a few, many, a lot of来修饰复数可数名词。如：some girls, a few friends, many pears。
不可数名词不能用数词直接修饰，但可以用some, any, little, a little, much, a lot of来修饰。如：some milk, a little tea, a lot of food。不可数名词表示确切的数量时，用“数词＋表示量的名词＋of＋不可数名词”结构，若表示复数，只把of前表量的名词变为复数。如：a cup of tea, two glasses of orange juice。
★与“多少”的缘份
可数名词天生就与how many有缘，而且how many后只跟名词的复数。如：How many people are there in your family? How many books do you have?对不可数名词前的修饰语提问，要视具体情况而定。若对不可数名词前的全部修饰语提问，疑问词用how much。如：
I want two cups of tea. →How much tea do you want?
若对不可数名词前表示数量的名词提问，疑问词用how many。如：
They want two cups of tea. →How many cups of tea do they want?
★作主语时谓语的表现
可数名词作主语，谓语动词的单复数形式要看主语的脸色行事。单个的单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；多个单数名词或复数名词作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。如：
Jim comes from England.
Lily and Lucy are twins.
The students are reading English books.
不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数，但是，当不可数名词前面有复数名词短语修饰时，谓语动词就要用复数。如：
There is some water in the glass.
There are three bottles of water on the table.
巩固练习:
一、用名词的适当形式填空。
1. The cat caught two ____(mouse) last night.
2. Jack went to have two ____(tooth) pulled out yesterday afternoon.
3. There is some ____(rice) in the bag.
4. There are two new ____(shelf) in my study.
5. The ____(German) are going to fly to Beijing for their holiday.
6. All these ____(thief) have been caught.
7. The P.E teacher gave me some ____(advice) on how to play soccer well.
8. Kate can’t walk now because she hurt her ____(foot) yesterday.
9. They built many ____(build) on Shanghai.
10. In the earthquake, lots of people lost their ____(life) in India.
二、单项选择。
1. ——Would you like ____ tea?
——No, thanks. I have drunk two ____.
A. any; bottles of orange juice
B. some; bottles of orange juice
C. many; bottles of oranges juice
D. few; bottle of oranges juice
2. There are a lot of ____ down there but hardly any ____.
A. sheeps; people B. sheep; people
C. sheeps; peoples D. sheep; peoples
3. Look!These ____ doctors are under the ____ trees.
A. woman; apple B. women; apples
C. woman; apples D. women; apple
4. This is James Allan Green. We can call him ____.
A. Mr. Green B. Mr. Allan
C. Mr. James D. James Green
5. On the table there are some ____ near the ____.
A. tomatoes; photos B. tomatos; photos
C. tomatos; photoes D. tomatoes; photoes
6. ——What can I do for you?
——I’d like some ____.
A. bottle of oranges juice B. bottle of orange juice
C. bottles of orange juice D. bottles of oranges juice
7. Mr. Johnson has a ____.
A. ten year old boy B. ten years old boy
C. boy of ten year old D. ten-year-old boy
8. Mum, I’m thirsty. Will you please give me some ____?
A. pencils B. cake C. water D. books
9. ——____ there ____ for me on the bus?
——No, it’s crowded.
A. Is, a room B. Are, any room C. Are, rooms D. Is, any room
10. My mother bought ____ for me yesterday.
A. a pair of glasses B. a pair of glass
C. a glasses D. glass
(C)攻克一般过去时
Hi! My dear friends. 我是一般过去时，在七年级我已经出现过。先来回顾一下吧！
本单元我们的主要任务是和大家一起学习动词过去式的构成及一般过去时的句型转换。Come on!
◆动词过去式的构成
实义动词的过去式分规则和不规则两种变化。规则动词过去式的变化，可归纳为以下四种形式：
1． 一般情况下在动词后直接加-ed。如：stay→stayed; look→looked。
2．以不发音字母e结尾的动词去掉e再加-ed。如：like→liked; love→loved。
3． 以重读闭音节结尾的动词且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写最后一个辅音字母再加-ed。如：shop→shopped; stop→stopped。
4．以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y为i，再加-ed。如：study→studied; carry→carried。
不规则动词的过去式请同学们注意总结。本单元出现的不规则动词的过去式有：
be→was/were; have/has→had; do/does→did; go→went; eat→ate; hang→hung; see→saw; buy→bought; win→won; get→got; meet→met; take→took; sleep→slept; come→came; put→put; read→read(注意read的原形和过去式的发音不同)
◆一般过去时的句型结构
1．be动词一般过去时句型结构
肯定句：主语+was/were+表语+其它成分。
否定句：主语+was/were+not+表语+其它成分。
一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+表语+其它成分？
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+was/were。
否定回答：No, 主语+wasn’t/weren’t。
2．行为动词的一般过去时句型结构
行为动词的一般过去时作谓语时没有人称和数的变化。
肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其它成分。
否定句：主语+didn’t+动词原形+其它成分。
一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其它成分？
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+did。
否定回答：No, 主语+didn’t。
3．一般过去时的特殊疑问句结构
1)疑问词在句中不充当主语时，句型结构为：疑问词+一般疑问句？
2)疑问词在句中充当主语时，句型结构为：疑问词+行为动词的过去式(或was/were+表语)+其它成分？
◆一般过去时的句型转换
1．实义动词作谓语的一般过去时句子变否定句，谓语动词改为“didn’t+动词原形”；变一般疑问句，助动词did提到句首，句中的动词要改为原形，句末用问号，肯定回答为：Yes, 主语+did；否定回答为：No, 主语+didn’t。
2．be动词的一般过去时，动词be的形式为was或were。肯定句变否定句直接在was或were后加not，而且was, were可与not缩写为wasn’t, weren’t；变一般疑问句将was或were提前到句首，句末用问号，肯定回答为：“Yes,…+was/were.；否定回答为：No,…+wasn’t/weren’t.”。
巩固练习：
一、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. He ____(not bring) us books yesterday.
2. Yesterday Mike and I ____(go) to the farm. We ____(carry) some
water for the old man. We ____(have) a good time there.
3. Some foreign friends ____(visit) your school three days ago. ____
they ____(ask) you any questions about your study?
4. The old man ____(live) in Shanghai in 2000.
5. ——When ____ your sister ____(do) her homework?
——She ____(do) it an hour ago.
6. When we ____(be) on holiday in Shenzhen last summer, we ____
(enjoy) ourselves there.
二、按要求改写下列句型。
1. I was at home this morning. (改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答)
——____ ____ at home this morning?
——____, ____ ____.
2. He did morning exercises in the morning. (改为否定句)
He ____ ____ ____ ____ in the morning.
3. They had a big dinner yesterday. (改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答)
——____ ____ ____ a big dinner yesterday?
——____, ____ ____.
4. Mr Wang went to America by plane. (对划线部分提问)
____ ____ Mr Wang ____ to America?
5. How did you like Shanghai? (改为同义句)
____ ____ ____ ____ ____ Shanghai?
Key(4)