《威尼斯商人》这篇课文后面的《思考和练习》里问道“课文的对话里提到‘基督徒的精神’,把犹太人说成‘异教徒’,这体现了作者怎样的思想观点?”人民教育出版社出版的《教学参考书》上的答案是:这“表现了作者的宗教的和种族的偏见。这是作者阶级和历史的局限性。”这样来回答问题未免简单和武断了。作为高利贷者的夏洛克,体现了原始积累时期资产阶级的本质特征,残暴贪婪,丧失“人性”,这一点自不待言。但作为一个犹太人——“异教徒”的夏洛克,他处处受到种族 The Thinking and Practice behind the article “The Merchant of Venice,” asks, “The reference to ’the Christian spirit’ in the dialogue of the text, and to the opinion of the Jews as ’infidels’ reflect the author’s ideas. The answer to the ”teaching reference book“ published by People’s Education Press is: ”This shows the author’s religious and racial prejudices, which are the limitations of the author’s class and history.“ It is simply and arbitrary to answer the question in this way. Shylock, a usurer, embodies the essential characteristics of the bourgeoisie in the primitive accumulation period, cruel greed, and loss of ”humanity,“ which goes without saying. But as a Jewish ”pagan" Sherlock, he was racially involved