单宁、木素、纤维素、腐植酸、淀粉等是自然界存在的天产物,用人工提取后,有些可直接用作抑制剂,如单宁、腐植酸、淀粉等。有些必须加工制成衍生物才能作抑制剂,如木素、纤维素等。 (一)单宁单宁存在植物体中,各种植物的含量不同,我国产的五棓子含单宁较多,达50～60％,著称世界。其次如四川产的红根,两广产的薯良,湖南产的茶子壳都含有较多的单宁。用水将含单宁的物料浸泡而得单宁萃取液经喷雾干燥后,可得粉状产品。单宁的种类很多,现介绍有代表性的两种。 Tannins, lignin, cellulose, humic acid, starch and other natural products exist in nature, after artificial extraction, some can be used directly as inhibitors, such as tannin, humic acid, starch and so on. Some must be processed into derivatives in order to make inhibitors, such as lignin, cellulose and so on. (A) tannin tannins exist in plants, the content of various plants are different, China’s five razor clams containing tannin more, up to 50 to 60%, known worldwide. Second, such as red rooted in Sichuan, Guangdong and Guangxi Liang Liang, Hunan tea shell contains more tannin. The tannin-containing material is soaked in water that the tannin extract is spray-dried to give a powdery product. There are many types of tannin, and now there are two representative types.