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精子在生殖过程中起着关键性的作用。它们具有双重的功能:其一,是激活卵子并因此而促使胚胎的发育;其次,是将雄性染色体组输入卵子中。当其完成这些功能的任一种之前,精子必须:(1)成为获得了受精的能力(即完成获能作用—译注);(2)经历顶体反应(获能过程的一部份—译注);
Sperm play a key role in the reproductive process. They have a dual function: one is the activation of the egg and thus the development of the embryo; secondly, the male genomic input into the egg. Sperm must: (1) be fertilized (ie, be capable of effecting fertilization); (2) undergo an acrosome reaction (as part of the energy process) );