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原发性女性尿道黑色素瘤极为罕见,至1976年世界文献仅报道38例。作者报道2例,由于1例拒绝手术,1例广泛淋巴转移不宜手术,故采用免疫化疗联合疗法,2例患者分别死于诊断后2年和4年。作者指出,化学免疫疗法作为辅助性、姑息性治疗仅对病程发生有限的影响,膀胱尿道切除术仍应作为首选治疗。恶性黑色素瘤有3种可能的起源部位:(1)上皮组织,(2)中胚层组织,(3)神经组织。肿瘤细胞无色素沉着时,活化酪氨酸酶或多巴染色有助于发现黑素细胞中存在的与色素形成有关的酶,
Primary female urethral melanoma is extremely rare, and in the 1976 world literature reported only 38 cases. The authors reported that in 2 cases, 1 case refused surgery and 1 case of extensive lymphatic metastasis was not suitable for surgery. Therefore, immunochemotherapy and combination therapy were used, and 2 patients died of 2 years and 4 years after diagnosis. The authors pointed out that the use of chemical immunotherapy as an adjuvant, palliative treatment only has limited effects on the course of the disease and that cystectomy should be the preferred treatment. There are three possible origins of malignant melanoma: (1) epithelial tissue, (2) mesoderm tissue, and (3) nerve tissue. In the absence of pigmentation in tumor cells, activation of tyrosinase or dopa staining helps to identify the presence of pigment-associated enzymes in melanocytes.