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肝性脑病（ HE）是严重肝病患者的常见并发症和死亡原因之一。其发病机制的研究对于HE的早期诊断和治疗及其预防具有重大的意义。近年来，针对 HE发病机制的研究已有很多，氨中毒假说仍处于核心地位。氨对星形胶质细胞结构、代谢及功能的影响是 HE的病理生理基础，炎症反应、细胞的氧化及硝基化、肠内微生态的改变及神经类固醇等可能与氨协同作用，共同促进 HE 的发生。“,”Hepatic encephalopathy ( HE) is a neuropsychiatric complication of severe liver disease and has been a common cause of death for affected patients.Research about the mechanism of HE plays an impor-tant role in the treatment and prevention of HE.In recent years,there are plenty of studies of the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy, among which the central role of ammonia poisoning remains incontrovertible. Ammonia′s impact on the structure,metabolism and function of astrocytes is the pathophysiological basis of HE.Inflammation,oxidative stress and nitrocellulose,the change of intestinal microecology possibly act syner-gistically with ammonia to promote the occurrence of HE .