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利用RAPD分子标记对上饶早梨3个主栽品种离体保存后再生苗的遗传稳定性进行分析,并对其品种进行鉴定。结果表明:上饶早梨3个主栽品种20个样本利用20条引物共扩增128个位点(TNB),其中多态性位点(NPB)有72个,多态位点百分率(PPB)为54.73%。20条引物的平均观测等位基因数(Na)为1.562 5,平均有效等位基因数(Ne)为1.356 2,平均Nei’s基因多样性指数(H)为0.210 4,平均Shannon’s信息指数(Ⅰ)为0.312 9。表明上饶早梨3个主栽品种的20个样本具有一定的遗传多样性。在遗传相似系数0.809 1处,3个上饶早梨主栽品种20个样本通过UPGMA法聚类分析可分成2类,一类包括“花厅六月雪”和“花厅黄皮消”两个主栽品种,而另一类只包括“田墩六月雪”一个主栽品种。上饶早梨3个主栽品种20个样本的RAPD分析结果也表明,“花厅六月雪”7个样本的遗传相似系数为0.820 3~0.945 3,“花厅黄皮消”6个样本的遗传相似系数为0.898 4~0.984 4,“田墩六月雪”7个样本的遗传相似系数为0.882 8~0.945 3,表明上饶早梨3个主栽品种离体保存后再生苗的遗传相似性非常高,可以保证其遗传稳定性。上述结果为上饶早梨3个主栽品种离体保存的可靠性提供了RAPD分子标记方面的证据。
The RAPD markers were used to analyze the genetic stability of the regenerated seedlings of three main cultivars collected from Shangrao early pear in vitro and their cultivars were identified. The results showed that a total of 128 polymorphic loci (TNB) were amplified by 20 primers from 20 cultivars of three early cultivars in Shangrao early pear. There were 72 polymorphic loci (NPB), the percentage of polymorphic loci (PPB) 54.73%. The average number of alleles (Na) of the 20 primers was 1.562 5, the average number of effective alleles (Ne) was 1.356 2, the average Nei’s gene diversity index (H) was 0.210 4, the average Shannon’s information index (Ⅰ) Is 0.312 9. The results showed that 20 samples from 3 main cultivars of Shangrao early pear had certain genetic diversity. At genetic similarity coefficient of 0.809 1, 20 samples of three Shangrao early pear cultivars could be divided into two categories by UPGMA clustering analysis. One category included “Flower Hall June Snow” and “Flower Hall Yellow Peel” Two major cultivars, while the other category includes only “Tian Jun June snow” a major cultivars. The results of RAPD analysis of 20 samples from 3 main cultivars of Shangrao Zaibei also showed that the genetic similarity coefficients of 7 samples of “Flower Hall June Snow” were 0.820 3 ~ 0.945 3, and 6 “Huacha Huangpi Zao” The genetic similarity coefficient of the samples was 0.898 4 ~ 0.984 4, and the genetic similarity coefficient of 7 samples of “Juntian Junji” was 0.882 8 ~ 0.945 3, indicating that the regenerated shoots of 3 main cultivars of Shangrao early pear were preserved in vitro The genetic similarity is very high, to ensure its genetic stability. The above results provide evidence for the RAPD molecular marker for the reliability of in vitro preservation of three main cultivars of Shangrao early pear.