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在我国长期的农田灌溉实践中,人们根据不同的条件提出了许多不同的灌溉理论或模式,广为流行的提法有充分灌溉、正常灌溉、足墒灌溉、丰产灌溉、适时适量灌溉、非充分灌溉、限额灌溉、朴充灌溉、关键(或称敏感)期灌溉、抗旱灌溉、节水灌溉等。然而,由于种种原因,人们对这些提法的内涵的认识并不一致,因而导致灌溉决策失误的例子屡见不鲜。因此,正确把握诸如充分灌溉、非充分灌溉、节水灌溉、适时适量灌溉这些具有普遍意义的基本概念及其相互关系,对于开展墒情监测预报和灌溉实践无疑具有十分重要的现实意义。
In China’s long-term practice of farmland irrigation, many different irrigation theories or models have been proposed according to different conditions. The most popular formulation is that of adequate irrigation, normal irrigation, adequate irrigation, high-yield irrigation, adequate irrigation, inadequate irrigation Irrigation, Quota irrigation, Prefabricated irrigation, Critical (or sensitive) irrigation, drought-resistant irrigation and water-saving irrigation. However, due to various reasons, people’s understanding of the connotation of these formulations is not consistent, thus leading to frequent examples of mistakes in irrigation decision-making. Therefore, it is undoubtedly of great practical significance to carry out the monitoring and forecasting of irrigation and irrigation practice by correctly grasping the basic concepts such as fully irrigated, inadequate irrigated, water-saving irrigation and timely and proper irrigation, and their interrelationships.