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目的探讨hMSH2(human muts homolog 2)基因、增殖细胞核抗原(proliferating cell nuclear antigen,PCNA)和结核菌L型感染在前列腺癌中的表达及相关性研究。方法应用免疫组化和抗酸染色等方法检测了65例前列腺癌(carcinoma of prostate,PCa)和30例良性前列腺增生(benign prostatic hyperplasia,BPH)中的hMSH2、PCNA蛋白的表达以及结核菌L型的检出率,并对前列腺癌主要临床资料和病理分级参数进行比较,用卡方(χ2)检验进行统计学处理。结果 hMSH2、PCNA蛋白在PCa中的表达明显高于BPH(P<0.01)。前列腺癌中临床分期Ⅲ、Ⅳ期hMSH2、PCNA蛋白的表达明显高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ期(P<0.01);随着病理分级增高而显著增加(P<0.01)。结核菌L型的检出率与PCa的病理分级、临床分期差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01~0.05)。结核菌L型阳性患者中hMSH2表达率[97.2%(35/36)]明显高于结核菌L型阴性患者中hMSH2阳性表达率[31.0%(9/29)];结核菌L型阳性患者中PCNA表达率[94.4%(35/36)]明显高于结核菌L型阴性患者中PCNA阳性表达率[55.2%(16/29)]。结论 hMSH2、PCNA基因在前列腺肿瘤中有不同程度的异常表达,在前列腺癌的发生和发展中起重要的促进作用。结核菌L型感染极有可能导致基因的突变或过表达,因此L型感染可能成为诱发肿瘤形成的原因之一,它们相互协同在前列腺肿瘤发生和发展过程中起重要作用。
Objective To investigate the expression and correlation of human muts homolog 2 (hMSH2) gene, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and tuberculosis L-type infection in prostate cancer. Methods The expressions of hMSH2 and PCNA protein in 65 cases of prostate cancer (PCa) and 30 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) were detected by immunohistochemistry and acid-fast staining. The detection rate of major clinical data of prostate cancer and pathological grading parameters were compared with the chi square (χ2) test for statistical analysis. Results The expression of hMSH2 and PCNA in PCa was significantly higher than that in BPH (P <0.01). Prostate cancer stage Ⅲ, Ⅳ hMSH2, PCNA protein expression was significantly higher than Ⅰ, Ⅱ (P <0.01); with the pathological grade was significantly increased (P <0.01). The detection rate of L - form of tuberculosis was significantly different from that of PCa in clinical stage (P <0.01 ~ 0.05). The positive rate of hMSH2 in patients with L-positive tuberculosis was 97.2% (35/36), which was significantly higher than that in patients with L-negative tuberculosis (31.0%, 9/29) The positive expression rate of PCNA [94.4% (35/36)] was significantly higher than the positive rate of PCNA in L-negative patients with Mycobacterium tuberculosis [55.2% (16/29)]. Conclusion The hMSH2 and PCNA genes are abnormally expressed in different degrees in prostate tumors and play an important role in the development and progression of prostate cancer. L-type infection of M. tuberculosis most likely leads to gene mutation or overexpression. Therefore, L-type infection may be one of the causes of tumor formation, and they play an important role in the occurrence and development of prostate tumors.