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目的分析大学生自杀行为特征,为自杀预防与干预提供依据。方法运用文献法,借助互联网平台收集、整理、分析2005-2011年公开报道的中国大陆大学生自杀案例352个。结果 5月份为大学生自杀高峰期,在学校采取高坠是最主要的自杀方式,有119人(31.0%)留有不同形式的遗书,情感、学习、心理障碍是导致大学生自杀三大诱因,且男生多因学习、女生多因情感导致自杀,153人(43.5%)自杀前表现出种种征兆。结论加强校园环境管理、对自杀高危人群积极进行心理疏导可在一定程度上减轻自杀的发生,提高大学生心理素质是预防自杀的根本。
Objective To analyze the characteristics of college students’ suicidal behavior and provide basis for suicide prevention and intervention. Methods Using the literature method, we collected, collated and analyzed 352 cases of university student suicides reported in mainland China from 2005 to 2011 through Internet platform. Results In May, college students took suicide as the most important form of suicide during the suicide period. 119 (31.0%) left suicide note in different forms. Emotional, learning and psychological disorders were the three major causes of suicide. More boys and girls due to emotional suicide, 153 (43.5%) before the manifestation of various signs of suicide. Conclusion Strengthening campus environmental management and actively counseling high-risk suicides can reduce the occurrence of suicide to some extent. Improving the psychological quality of undergraduates is fundamental to prevent suicide.